Browsing by Author "Damschroder, Laura"

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    Coincidence analysis: a new method for causal inference in implementation science
    (BMC, 2020-12-11) Garr Whitaker, Rebecca; Sperber, Nina; Baumgartner, Michael; Thiem, Alrik; Cragun, Deborah; Damschroder, Laura; Miech, Edward J.; Slade, Alecia; Birken, Sarah; Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Implementation of multifaceted interventions typically involves many diverse elements working together in interrelated ways, including intervention components, implementation strategies, and features of local context. Given this real-world complexity, implementation researchers may be interested in a new mathematical, cross-case method called Coincidence Analysis (CNA) that has been designed explicitly to support causal inference, answer research questions about combinations of conditions that are minimally necessary or sufficient for an outcome, and identify the possible presence of multiple causal paths to an outcome. CNA can be applied as a standalone method or in conjunction with other approaches and can reveal new empirical findings related to implementation that might otherwise have gone undetected. Methods: We applied CNA to a publicly available dataset from Sweden with county-level data on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaigns and vaccination uptake in 2012 and 2014 and then compared CNA results to the published regression findings. Results: The original regression analysis found vaccination uptake was positively associated only with the availability of vaccines in schools. CNA produced different findings and uncovered an additional solution path: high vaccination rates were achieved by either (1) offering the vaccine in all schools or (2) a combination of offering the vaccine in some schools and media coverage. Conclusions: CNA offers a new comparative approach for researchers seeking to understand how implementation conditions work together and link to outcomes.
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    Correction to: Coincidence analysis: a new method for causal inference in implementation science
    (BMC, 2021-01-12) Garr Whitaker, Rebecca; Sperber, Nina; Baumgartner, Michael; Thiem, Alrik; Cragun, Deborah; Damschroder, Laura; Miech, Edward J.; Slade, Alecia; Birken, Sarah; Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine
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    Improving Smoking and Blood Pressure Outcomes: The Interplay Between Operational Changes and Local Context
    (Annals of Family Medicine, 2021) Cohen, Deborah J.; Sweeney, Shannon M.; Miller, William L.; Hall, Jennifer D.; Miech, Edward J.; Springer, Rachel J.; Balasubramanian, Bijal A.; Damschroder, Laura; Marino, Miguel; Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine
    Purpose: We undertook a study to identify conditions and operational changes linked to improvements in smoking and blood pressure (BP) outcomes in primary care. Methods: We purposively sampled and interviewed practice staff (eg, office managers, clinicians) from a subset of 104 practices participating in EvidenceNOW-a multisite cardiovascular disease prevention initiative. We calculated Clinical Quality Measure improvements, with targets of 10-point or greater absolute improvements in the proportion of patients with smoking screening and, if relevant, counseling and in the proportion of hypertensive patients with adequately controlled BP. We analyzed interview data to identify operational changes, transforming these into numeric data. We used Configurational Comparative Methods to assess the joint effects of multiple factors on outcomes. Results: In clinician-owned practices, implementing a workflow to routinely screen, counsel, and connect patients to smoking cessation resources, or implementing a documentation change or a referral to a resource alone led to an improvement of at least 10 points in the smoking outcome with a moderate level of facilitation support. These patterns did not manifest in health- or hospital system-owned practices or in Federally Qualified Health Centers, however. The BP outcome improved by at least 10 points among solo practices after medical assistants were trained to take an accurate BP. Among larger, clinician-owned practices, BP outcomes improved when practices implemented a second BP measurement when the first was elevated, and when staff learned where to document this information in the electronic health record. With 50 hours or more of facilitation, BP outcomes improved among larger and health- and hospital system-owned practices that implemented these operational changes. Conclusions: There was no magic bullet for improving smoking or BP outcomes. Multiple combinations of operational changes led to improvements, but only in specific contexts of practice size and ownership, or dose of external facilitation.
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    Inside help: An integrative review of champions in healthcare-related implementation
    (Sage, 2018-05-17) Miech, Edward J.; Rattray, Nicholas A.; Flanagan, Mindy E.; Damschroder, Laura; Schmid, Arlene A.; Damush, Teresa M.; Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background/aims: The idea that champions are crucial to effective healthcare-related implementation has gained broad acceptance; yet the champion construct has been hampered by inconsistent use across the published literature. This integrative review sought to establish the current state of the literature on champions in healthcare settings and bring greater clarity to this important construct. Methods: This integrative review was limited to research articles in peer-reviewed, English-language journals published from 1980 to 2016. Searches were conducted on the online MEDLINE database via OVID and PubMed using the keyword "champion." Several additional terms often describe champions and were also included as keywords: implementation leader, opinion leader, facilitator, and change agent. Bibliographies of full-text articles that met inclusion criteria were reviewed for additional references not yet identified via the main strategy of conducting keyword searches in MEDLINE. A five-member team abstracted all full-text articles meeting inclusion criteria. Results: The final dataset for the integrative review consisted of 199 unique articles. Use of the term champion varied widely across the articles with respect to topic, specific job positions, or broader organizational roles. The most common method for operationalizing champion for purposes of analysis was the use of a dichotomous variable designating champion presence or absence. Four studies randomly allocated of the presence or absence of champions. Conclusions: The number of published champion-related articles has markedly increased: more articles were published during the last two years of this review (i.e. 2015-2016) than during its first 30 years (i.e. 1980-2009).The number of champion-related articles has continued to increase sharply since the year 2000. Individual studies consistently found that champions were important positive influences on implementation effectiveness. Although few in number, the randomized trials of champions that have been conducted demonstrate the feasibility of using experimental design to study the effects of champions in healthcare.
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    Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation
    (BioMed Central, 2016-08-01) Chambers, David; Simpson, Lisa; Hill-Briggs, Felicia; Neta, Gila; Vinson, Cynthia; Beidas, Rinad; Marcus, Steven; Aarons, Gregory; Hoagwood, Kimberly; Schoenwald, Sonja; Evans, Arthur; Hurford, Matthew; Rubin, Ronnie; Hadley, Trevor; Barg, Frances; Walsh, Lucia; Adams, Danielle; Mandell, David; Martin, Lindsey; Mignogna, Joseph; Mott, Juliette; Hundt, Natalie; Kauth, Michael; Kunik, Mark; Naik, Aanand; Cully, Jeffrey; McGuire, Alan; White, Dominique; Bartholomew, Tom; McGrew, John H.; Luther, Lauren; Rollins, Angie; Salyers, Michelle P.; Cooper, Brittany; Funaiole, Angie; Richards, Julie; Lee, Amy; Lapham, Gwen; Caldeiro, Ryan; Lozano, Paula; Gildred, Tory; Achtmeyer, Carol; Ludman, Evette; Addis, Megan; Marx, Larry; Bradley, Katharine; VanDeinse, Tonya; Wilson, Amy Blank; Stacey, Burgin; Powell, Byron; Bunger, Alicia; Cuddeback, Gary; Barnett, Miya; Stadnick, Nicole; Brookman-Frazee, Lauren; Lau, Anna; Dorsey, Shannon; Pullmann, Michael; Mitchell, Shannon; Schwartz, Robert; Kirk, Arethusa; Dusek, Kristi; Oros, Marla; Hosler, Colleen; Gryczynski, Jan; Barbosa, Carolina; Dunlap, Laura; Lounsbury, David; O'Grady, Kevin; Brown, Barry; Damschroder, Laura; Waltz, Thomas; Powell, Byron; Ritchie, Mona; Waltz, Thomas; Atkins, David; Imel, Zac E.; Xiao, Bo; Can, Doğan; Georiou, Panayiotis; Narayanan, Shrikanth; Berkel, Cady; Gallo, Carlos; Sandler, Irwin; Brown, C. Hendricks; Wolcik, Sharlene; Mauricio, Anne Marie; Gallo, Carlos; Mehrota, Sanjay; Chandurkar, Dharmendra; Bora, Siddhartha; Das, Arup; Tripathi, Anand; Saggurti, Nirajan; Raj, Anita; Hughes, Eric; Jacobs, Brian; Kirkendall, Eric; Loeb, Danielle; Trinkley, Katy; Yang, Michael; Sprowell, Andrew; Nease, Donald; Lyon, Aaron; Lewis, Cara; Boyd, Meredith; Melvin, Abigail; Nicodimos, Semret; Liu, Freda; Jungbluth, Nathanial; Lyon, Aaron; Landis-Lewis, Zach; Sales, Anne; Baloh, Jure; Ward, Marcia; Zhu, Xi; Bennett, Ian; Unutzer, Jurgen; Mao, Johnny; Proctor, Enola; Vredevoogd, Mindy; Chan, Ya-Fen; Williams, Nathaniel; Green, Phillip; Bernstein, Steven; Rosner, June-Marie; DeWitt, Michelle; Tetrault, Jeanette; Dziura, James; Hsiao, Allen; Sussman, Scott; O'Connor, Patrick; Toll, Benjamin; Jones, Michael; Gassaway, Julie; Tobin, Jonathan; Zatzick, Douglas; Bradbury, Angela R.; Patrick-Miller, Linda; Egleston, Brian; Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.; Hall, Michael J.; Daly, Mary B.; Fleisher, Linda; Grana, Generosa; Ganschow, Pamela; Fetzer, Dominique; Brandt, Amanda; Farengo-Clark, Dana; Forman, Andrea; Gaber, Rikki S.; Gulden, Cassandra; Horte, Janice; Long, Jessica; Chambers, Rachelle Lorenz; Lucas, Terra; Madaan, Shreshtha; Mattie, Kristin; McKenna, Danielle; Montgomery, Susan; Nielsen, Sarah; Powers, Jacquelyn; Rainey, Kim; Rybak, Christina; Savage, Michelle; Seelaus, Christina; Stoll, Jessica; Stopfer, Jill; Yao, Shirley; Domchek, Susan; Hahn, Erin; Munoz-Plaza, Corrine; Wang, Jianjin; Delgadillo, Jazmine Garcia; Mittman, Brian; Gould, Michael; Liang, Shuting (Lily); Kegler, Michelle C.; Cotter, Megan; Philips, Emily; Hermstad, April; Morton, Rentonia; Beasley, Derrick; Martinez, Jeremy; Riehman, Kara; Gustafson, David; Marsch, Lisa; Mares, Louise; Quanbeck, Andrew; McTavish, Fiona; McDowell, Helene; Brown, Randall; Thomas, Chantelle; Glass, Joseph; Isham, Joseph; Shah, Dhavan; Liebschutz, Jane; Lasser, Karen; Watkins, Katherine; Ober, Allison; Hunter, Sarah; Lamp, Karen; Ewing, Brett; Iwelunmor, Juliet; Gyamfi, Joyce; Blackstone, Sarah; Quakyi, Nana Kofi; Plange-Rhule, Jacob; Ogedegbe, Gbenga; Kumar, Pritika; Devanter, Nancy Van; Nguyen, Nam; Nguyen, Linh; Nguyen, Trang; Phuong, Nguyet; Shelley, Donna; Rudge, Sian; Langlois, Etienne; Tricco, Andrea; Ball, Sherry; Lambert-Kerzner, Anne; Sulc, Christine; Simmons, Carol; Shell-Boyd, Jeneen; Oestreich, Taryn; O'Connor, Ashley; Neely, Emily; McCreight, Marina; Labebue, Amy; DiFiore, Doreen; Brostow, Diana; Ho, P. Michael; Aron, David; Harvey, Jillian; McHugh, Megan; Scanon, Dennis; Lee, Rebecca; Soltero, Erica; Parker, Nathan; McNeill, Lorna; Ledoux, Tracey; McIsaac, Jessie-Lee; MacLeod, Kate; Ata, Nicole; Jarvis, Sherry; Kirk, Sara; Purtle, Jonathan; Dodson, Elizabeth; Brownson, Ross; Mittman, Brian; Curran, Geoffrey; Pyne, Jeffrey; Aarons, Gregory; Ehrhart, Mark; Torres, Elisa; Miech, Edward; Stevens, Kathleen; Hamilton, Alison; Cohen, Deborah; Padgett, Deborah; Morshed, Alexandra; Patel, Rupa; Prusaczyk, Beth; Aron, David C.; Gupta, Divya; Ball, Sherry; Hand, Rosa; Abram, Jenica; Wolfram, Taylor; Hastings, Molly; Moreland-Russell, Sarah; Tabek, Rachel; Ramsey, Alex; Baumann, Ana; Kryzer, Emily; Montgomery, Katherine; Lewis, Ericka; Padek, Margaret; Brownson, Ross; Mamaril, Cezar Brian; Mays, Glen; Branham, Keith; Timsina, Lava; Mays, Glen; Hogg, Rachel; Fagan, Abigail; Shapiro, Valerie; Brown, Eric; Haggerty, Kevin; Hawkins, David; Oesterle, Sabrina; Hawkins, David; Catalano, Richard; McKay, Virginia; Dolcini, M. Margaret; Hoffer, Lee; Moin, Tannaz; Li, Jinnan; Duru, O. Kenrik; Ettner, Susan; Turk, Norman; Chan, Charles; Keckhafer, Abigail; Luchs, Robert; Ho, Sam; Mangione, Carol; Selby, Peter; Zawertailo, Laurie; Minian, Nadia; Balliunas, Dolly; Dragonetti, Rosa; Hussain, Sarwar; Lecce, Julia; Chinman, Matthew; Acosta, Joie; Ebener, Patricia; Malone, Patrick S.; Slaughter, Mary; Freedman, Darcy; Flocke, Susan; Lee, Eunlye; Matlack, Kristen; Trapl, Erika; Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam; Taggart, Morgan; Borawski, Elaine; Parrish, Amanda; Harris, Jeffrey; Kohn, Marlana; Hammerback, Kristen; McMilan, Becca; Hannon, Peggy; Swindle, Taren; Curran, Geoffrey; Whiteside-Mansell, Leanne; Ward, Wendy; Holt, Cheryl; Santos, Sheri Lou; Tagai, Erin; Scheirer, Mary Ann; Carter, Roxanne; Bowie, Janice; Haider, Muhiuddin; Slade, Jimmie; Wang, Min Qi; Masica, Andrew; Ogola, Gerald; Berryman, Candice; Richter, Kathleen; Shelton, Rachel; Jandorf, Lina; Erwin, Deborah; Truong, Khoa; Javier, Joyce R.; Coffey, Dean; Schrager, Sheree; Palinkas, Lawrence; Miranda, Jeanne; Johnson, Veda; Hutcherson, Valerie; Ellis, Ruth; Kharmats, Anna; Marshall-King, Sandra; LaPradd, Monica; Fonseca-Becker, Fannie; Kepka, Deanna; Bodson, Julia; Warner, Echo; Fowler, Brynn; Shenkman, Elizabeth; Hogan, William; Odedina, Folakami; Leon, Jessica De; Hooper, Monica; Carrasquillo, Olveen; Reams, Renee; Hurt, Myra; Smit, Steven; Szapocznik, Jose; Nelson, David; Mandal, Prabir; Teufel, James; Department of Psychology, School of Science