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Browsing by Author "Chakravorty, Sangeeta"
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Item Characteristics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Across the Spectrum of Glucose Tolerance in Obese Adolescents.(Frontiers Media, 2018-06-01) Hannon, Tamara S.; Watson, Sara E.; Jalou, Hasnaa E.; Chakravorty, Sangeeta; Mather, Kieren J.; Arslanian, Silva A.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineBackground: It is not known if dysglycemia and sleep-disordered breathing are linked in adolescents, as in adults. Objective: To perform a pilot study evaluating measures of sleep-disordered breathing across the spectrum of glucose tolerance in obese adolescents. We hypothesized that dysglycemia would be associated with sleep-disordered breathing. Participants/methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional clinical pilot study that included 57 adolescents [body mass index (BMI) 38.9 ± 8.4 kg/m2] aged 12-18 years (14.5 ± 1.6) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), or dysglycemia [impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes (T2D)]. Measures: Anthropometrics, overnight polysomnogram, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Participant characteristics and outcome measures were compared by glucose tolerance status. Correlational analyses were conducted to assess the associations between variables of interest. Results: Participants with dysglycemia (n = 21) were not different from those with NGT (n = 36) for BMI, waist circumference, body fat, or sleep characteristics. Nocturnal oxygen desaturation was associated with higher BMI (r = -0.334, p = 0.012). The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was not associated with physical and metabolic parameters. Although participants with dysglycemia tended to have higher AHIs (median 3.2, 2.2, and 1.6 events/h for T2D, IGT, and NGT, respectively), there was not a linear relationship between measures of glycemia and AHI. Conclusion: Further study with a larger proportion of youth with prediabetes and T2D is necessary to determine whether evaluation for sleep-disordered breathing is uniformly warranted.Item Morning Blood Pressure is Associated with Sleep Quality in Obese Adolescents(Elsevier, 2014-02) Hannon, Tamara S.; Tu, Wanzhu; Watson, Sara E.; Jalou, Hasnaa; Chakravorty, Sangeeta; Arslanian, Silva; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of MedicineObjective To examine relationships between blood pressure (BP), adiposity, and sleep quality using overnight polysomnography (PSG) in obese adolescents. Study design Overnight PSG and morning BP measurements were performed in obese (BMI >97th %ile) non-diabetic adolescents (eligible age range 12-18 years, n=49). Subjects were stratified into two groups, one with normal BP, and one with elevated BP, and demographic and clinical characteristics compared between the groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the BP effects of sleep quality measures. Results Participants (n=27) had normal morning BP, and 22 (44.9%) had elevated morning BP. There were no differences in age (p=0.53), sex (p=0.44), race (p=0.58) or BMI (p=0.56) between the two BP groups. The group with elevated BP spent shorter percentages of time in rapid eye movement (REM; p=0.006) and slow-wave sleep (SWS; p=0.024). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a lower percent of both REM and SWS were associated with increased morning BP, after adjusting for pubertal stage, sex, race, and BMI. Conclusion Lack of deeper stages of sleep, REM sleep and SWS, is associated with higher morning BP in obese adolescents, independent of BMI. Poor sleep quality should be considered in the work-up of obese youth with hypertension. Intervention studies are needed to evaluate whether improving the quality of sleep will reduce blood pressure elevation.