Browsing by Author "Castilho, Miguel"

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    Innovations in Craniofacial Bone and Periodontal Tissue Engineering – From Electrospinning to Converged Biofabrication
    (Sage, 2022) Aytac, Zeynep; Dubey, Nileshkumar; Daghrery, Arwa; Ferreira, Jessica A.; de Souza Araújo, Isaac J.; Castilho, Miguel; Malda, Jos; Bottino, Marco C.; Biomedical and Applied Sciences, School of Dentistry
    From a materials perspective, the pillars for the development of clinically translatable scaffold-based strategies for craniomaxillofacial (CMF) bone and periodontal regeneration have included electrospinning and 3D printing (biofabrication) technologies. Here, we offer a detailed analysis of the latest innovations in 3D (bio)printing strategies for CMF bone and periodontal regeneration and provide future directions envisioning the development of advanced 3D architectures for successful clinical translation. First, the principles of electrospinning applied to the generation of biodegradable scaffolds are discussed. Next, we present on extrusion-based 3D printing technologies with a focus on creating scaffolds with improved regenerative capacity. In addition, we offer a critical appraisal on 3D (bio)printing and multitechnology convergence to enable the reconstruction of CMF bones and periodontal tissues. As a future outlook, we highlight future directions associated with the utilization of complementary biomaterials and (bio)fabrication technologies for effective translation of personalized and functional scaffolds into the clinics.
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    Self-assembling peptide-laden electrospun scaffolds for guided mineralized tissue regeneration
    (Elsevier, 2022) de Souza Araújo, Isaac J.; Ferreira, Jessica A.; Daghrery, Arwa; Ribeiro, Juliana S.; Castilho, Miguel; Puppin-Rontani, Regina M.; Bottino, Marco C.; Biomedical and Applied Sciences, School of Dentistry
    Objectives: Electrospun scaffolds are a versatile biomaterial platform to mimic fibrillar structure of native tissues extracellular matrix, and facilitate the incorporation of biomolecules for regenerative therapies. Self-assembling peptide P11-4 has emerged as a promising strategy to induce mineralization; however, P11-4 application has been mostly addressed for early caries lesions repair on dental enamel. Here, to investigate P11-4's efficacy on bone regeneration, polymeric electrospun scaffolds were developed, and then distinct concentrations of P11-4 were physically adsorbed on the scaffolds. Methods: P11-4-laden and pristine (P11-4-free) electrospun scaffolds were immersed in simulated body fluid and mineral precipitation identified by SEM. Functional groups and crystalline phases were analyzed by FTIR and XRD, respectively. Cytocompatibility, mineralization, and gene expression assays were conducted using stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. To investigate P11-4-laden scaffolds potential to induce in vivo mineralization, an established rat calvaria critical-size defect model was used. Results: We successfully synthesized nanofibrous (∼ 500 nm fiber diameter) scaffolds and observed that functionalization with P11-4 did not affect the fibers' diameter. SEM images indicated mineral precipitation, while FTIR and XRD confirmed apatite-like formation and crystallization for P11-4-laden scaffolds. In addition, P11-4-laden scaffolds were cytocompatible, highly stimulated cell-mediated mineral deposition, and upregulated the expression of mineralization-related genes compared to pristine scaffolds. P11-4-laden scaffolds led to enhanced in vivo bone regeneration after 8 weeks compared to pristine PCL. Significance: Electrospun scaffolds functionalized with P11-4 are a promising strategy for inducing mineralized tissues regeneration in the craniomaxillofacial complex.