IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Author "Carter-Harris, Lisa"

Browsing by Author "Carter-Harris, Lisa"

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Beyond Traditional Newspaper Advertisement: Leveraging Facebook-Targeted Advertisement to Recruit Long-Term Smokers for Research
(JMIR Publications, 2016) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Bartlett Ellis, Rebecca J.; Warrick, Adam; Rawl, Susan; IU School of Nursing
BACKGROUND: Smokers are a stigmatized population, but an important population to reach for the purpose of research. Therefore, innovative recruitment methods are needed that are both cost-effective and efficacious in recruiting this population. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present article was to evaluate the feasibility of Facebook-targeted advertisement to recruit long-term smokers eligible for lung cancer screening for a descriptive, cross-sectional survey. METHODS: A social media recruitment campaign was launched using Facebook-targeted advertisement to target age and keywords related to tobacco smoking in the Facebook users profile, interests, and likes. A 3-day newspaper advertisement recruitment campaign was used as a comparison. The study that used both recruitment methods aimed to test the psychometric properties of 4 newly developed lung cancer screening health belief scales. Data were collected via cross-sectional survey methodology using an Web-based survey platform. RESULTS: The Facebook-targeted advertisements were viewed 56,621 times over an 18-day campaign in 2015 in the United States. The advertisement campaign yielded 1121 unique clicks to the Web-based survey platform at a cost of $1.51 per completed survey. Of those who clicked through to the study survey platform, 423 (37.7%) consented to participate; 92 (8.2%) dropped out during completion of the survey yielding a final study pool of 331 completed surveys. Recruitment by newspaper advertisement yielded a total of 30 participants in response to a 3-day advertisement campaign; recruitment efficacy resulted in 10 participants/day at $40.80 per completed survey. Participants represented current (n=182; 51%) and former smokers (n=178; 49%) with a mean age of 63.4 years (SD 6.0). Cost of the advertisement campaign was $500 total for the 18-day campaign. CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment by Facebook was more efficacious and cost-effective compared with newspaper advertisement. Facebook offers a new venue for recruitment into research studies that offer the potential for wider reach at a lower cost while providing privacy and flexibility for potential study participants. The study's findings extend recent work of other researchers who have demonstrated Facebook's utility with younger smokers, and Facebook is an effective tool to recruit older smokers. Furthermore, Facebook is a cost-effective alternative to traditional newspaper advertisement offering a new, affordable venue to recruit large numbers of older smokers efficiently.
Current Smokers’ Preferences for Receiving Cessation Information in a Lung Cancer Screening Setting
(Springer, 2017) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Schwindt, Rhonda; Bakkoyannis, Giorgos; Ceppa, DuyKhanh Pham; School of Nursing
The purpose of this study was to identify current smokers’ communication format preferences for receiving smoking cessation information in a lung cancer screening setting. A cross-sectional correlational design using survey methodology with 159 screening-eligible current smokers was the method used. Data was dichotomized (digital versus traditional preference) and analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Race was a statistically significant predictor with White participants having four times greater odds of reporting preference for a digital format for receiving smoking cessation information such as social media and/or supportive text messages (OR: 4.06; p = 0.004). Lung cancer screening is a new venue where current long-term smokers can be offered information about smoking cessation while they are engaging in a health-promoting behavior and potentially more likely to contemplate quitting. It is important to consider the communication format preference of current smokers to support cessation uptake. This study is the first to examine communication format preference of current smokers in the context of the lung cancer screening venue. Key differences noted by race support the need for further research examining multiple formats of communication with efforts to maximize options in the cancer screening setting.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scales
(Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, 2016-05) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Slaven, James E., II; Monohan, Patrick; Rawl, Susan M.; IU School of Nursing
Background: Lung cancer screening is a recent recommendation for long-term smokers. Understanding individual health beliefs about screening is a critical component in future efforts to facilitate patient-provider conversations about screening participation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the development and psychometric testing of 4 new scales to measure lung cancer screening health beliefs (perceived risk, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy). Methods: In phase I, 4 scales were developed from extensive literature review, item modification from existing Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Health Belief Scales, focus groups with long-term smokers, and evaluation/feedback from a panel of 10 content experts. In phase II, we conducted a survey of 497 long-term smokers to assess the final scales’ reliability and validity. Results: Phase I: content validity was established with the content expert panel. Phase II: internal consistency reliability of the scales was supported with Cronbach’s α’s ranging from .88 to .92. Construct validity was established with confirmatory factor analysis and testing for differences between screeners and nonscreeners in theoretically proposed directions. Conclusions: Initial testing supports the scales are valid and reliable. These new scales can help investigators identify long-term smokers more likely to screen for lung cancer and are useful for the development and testing of behavioral interventions regarding lung cancer screening. Implications for Practice: Development of effective interventions to enhance shared decision making about lung cancer screening between patients and providers must first identify factors influencing the individual’s screening participation. Future efforts facilitating patient-provider conversations are better informed by understanding the perspective of the individual making the decision.
Development and Usability Testing of a Computer-Tailored Decision Support Tool for Lung Cancer Screening: Study Protocol
(JMIR, 2017) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Comer, Robert Skipworth; Goyal, Anurag; Vode, Emilee Christine; Hanna, Nasser; Ceppa, DuyKhanh; Rawl, Susan M.; School of Nursing
Background: Awareness of lung cancer screening remains low in the screening-eligible population, and when patients visit their clinician never having heard of lung cancer screening, engaging in shared decision making to arrive at an informed decision can be a challenge. Therefore, methods to effectively support both patients and clinicians to engage in these important discussions are essential. To facilitate shared decision making about lung cancer screening, effective methods to prepare patients to have these important discussions with their clinician are needed. Objective: Our objective is to develop a computer-tailored decision support tool that meets the certification criteria of the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument version 4.0 that will support shared decision making in lung cancer screening decisions. Methods: Using a 3-phase process, we will develop and test a prototype of a computer-tailored decision support tool in a sample of lung cancer screening-eligible individuals. In phase I, we assembled a community advisory board comprising 10 screening-eligible individuals to develop the prototype. In phase II, we recruited a sample of 13 screening-eligible individuals to test the prototype for usability, acceptability, and satisfaction. In phase III, we are conducting a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 60 screening-eligible participants who have never been screened for lung cancer. Outcomes tested include lung cancer and screening knowledge, lung cancer screening health beliefs (perceived risk, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy), perception of being prepared to engage in a patient-clinician discussion about lung cancer screening, occurrence of a patient-clinician discussion about lung cancer screening, and stage of adoption for lung cancer screening. Results: Phases I and II are complete. Phase III is underway. As of July 15, 2017, 60 participants have been enrolled into the study, and have completed the baseline survey, intervention, and first follow-up survey. We expect to have results by December 31, 2017 and to have data analysis completed by March 1, 2018. Conclusions: Results from usability testing indicate that the computer-tailored decision support tool is easy to use, is helpful, and provides a satisfactory experience for the user. At the conclusion of phase III (pilot RCT), we will have preliminary effect sizes to inform a future fully powered RCT on changes in (1) knowledge about lung cancer and screening, (2) perceived risk of lung cancer, (3) perceived benefits of lung cancer screening, (4) perceived barriers to lung cancer screening, (5) self-efficacy for lung cancer screening, and (6) perceptions of being adequately prepared to engage in a discussion with their clinician about lung cancer screening.
Development of a Computer-Tailored Intervention/Decision Aid To Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Health Systems
(Cureus, 2022-03-21) Fatima, Hala; Wajid, Maryiam; Krier, Connie; Champion, Victoria; Carter-Harris, Lisa; Shedd-Steele, Rivienne; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Schwartz, Peter; Strom, Sylvia; Magnarella, Mark; Rawl, Susan M.; Medicine, School of Medicine
Background: Non-compliance with scheduled colonoscopy is common among patients, especially in underserved populations. High no-show and late cancelation rates result in wasted resources, increased costs, and missed opportunities for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Among the barriers to colonoscopy is a lack of knowledge about the benefits, fears, and limited time for patient counseling. Methodology: We produced a digital video disc and a website program to enhance awareness about CRC screening and address patient barriers in a population with low screening adherence. Results: Patients can be educated via an interactive computer-tailored intervention with both DVD and web versions. It details the benefits and need for CRC screening, different methods of screening, and addresses patient-related barriers. Conclusions: Patient education is crucial to increase CRC screening among eligible individuals. Because online engagement is affected by attention, interest, and affect, content should be concise but comprehensive.
Development of a Short Version of the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale
(Taylor and Francis, 2015) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Hall, Lynne A.; IU School of Nursing
Lung cancer stigma is an important phenomenon experienced by many lung cancer patients that can be a barrier to medical help-seeking behavior. The purpose of this study was to shorten the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS). The original 31-item scale had excellent internal consistency reliability but item redundancy. The majority of lung cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and patient burden with survey completion may be higher in this population. To reduce patient burden with participation in lung cancer stigma-related research, a psychometrically sound short measure of lung cancer stigma is valuable. Factor analysis was used to evaluate the dimensionality of the CLCSS. Results were used to shorten the measure to 21 items. The shortened scale showed strong evidence of internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha =.93). Results also indicate the scale is three dimensional with reliable subscales: stigma and blame, social isolation, and discrimination.
Evaluating local skin heating as an early detection method for small-fiber neuropathy in women with breast cancer receiving paclitaxel (Taxol®)
(2018-04-18) Zanville, Noah Robert; Champion, Victoria L.; Vasko, Michael R.; Otte, Julie L.; Carter-Harris, Lisa; Pesut, Daniel J.
The purpose of this prospective, observational study was to determine if a technique used to detect early signs of small-fiber neuropathy (local skin heating) could detect signs of small-fiber taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) during the first 6 weeks of Taxol®. Aims of the study were to compare the mean size of (1) axon reflexes and (2) axon flares (both markers of small fiber nerve function) in BCS receiving Taxol® to the size of reflexes/flares in healthy female controls (HCs). A third aim was to determine whether the size of axon reflexes/flares correlated with (a) overall TIPN severity and (b) severity of individual signs/symptoms of TIPN during early Taxol®. Data for the study was collected from nine BCS and 20 HCs (N = 29). All BCS had first-time, non-metastatic cancer and received weekly or bi-weekly Taxol®. Data was collected at 3 time-points: Time 1 (day 0, before Taxol®), Time 2 (day 14), and Time 3 (day 42). Axon reflexes and flares were generated using a validated 40-minute skin heating protocol. Axon reflexes were measured using laser Doppler Flowmetry. Axon flares were measured using full-field laser perfusion imaging. TIPN was measured using the 5-item Short Form of the Total Neuropathy Score (Reduced Version). Results identified potential signs of small-fiber TIPN in BCS after 6 weeks of Taxol®. Contrary to expectation, axon reflexes were larger for BCS at Time 3 than HCs, suggesting that Taxol® may be associated with an increase in small-fiber nerve function like that seen in pre-clinical studies. Clinical signs/symptoms of TIPN were not significantly correlated with axon reflexes or axon flares at the same time point. Analyses of axon flare size were confounded by issues with the data. These results add to the growing body of evidence showing that Taxol® affects small-diameter sensory nerves and provides the first evidence in humans that changes in small-fiber nerve function may be detectable after just 6 weeks of Taxol® therapy. Studies in larger samples are needed to validate these findings.
Impact of smoke-free ordinance strength on smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence
(PLOS, 2021-04-16) Nguyen, Ryan H.; Vater, Laura B.; Timsina, Lava R.; Durm, Gregory A.; Rupp, Katelin; Wright, Keylee; Spitznagle, Miranda H.; Paul, Brandy; Jalal, Shadia I.; Carter-Harris, Lisa; Hudmon, Karen S.; Hanna, Nasser H.; Loehrer, Patrick J.; Ceppa, DuyKhanh P.; Surgery, School of Medicine
Background: Smoke-free ordinances (SFO) have been shown to be effective public health interventions, but there is limited data on the impact SFO on lung cancer outcomes. We explored the effect of county-level SFO strength with smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence in Indiana. Methods: We obtained county-level lung cancer incidence from the Indiana State Cancer Registry and county-level characteristics from the Indiana Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Commission's policy database between 1995 and 2016. Using generalized estimating equations, we performed multivariable analyses of smoking prevalence and age-adjusted lung cancer rates with respect to the strength of smoke-free ordinances at the county level over time. Results: Of Indiana's 92 counties, 24 had a SFO by 2011. In 2012, Indiana enacted a state-wide SFO enforcing at least moderate level SFO protection. Mean age-adjusted lung cancer incidence per year was 76.8 per 100,000 population and mean smoking prevalence per year was 25% during the study period. Counties with comprehensive or moderate SFO had a smoking prevalence 1.2% (95% CI [-1.88, -0.52]) lower compared with counties with weak or no SFO. Counties that had comprehensive or moderate SFO also had an 8.4 (95% CI [-11.5, -5.3]) decrease in new lung cancer diagnosis per 100,000 population per year compared with counties that had weak or no SFO. Conclusion: Counties with stronger smoke-free air ordinances were associated with decreased smoking prevalence and fewer new lung cancer cases per year. Strengthening SFO is paramount to decreasing lung cancer incidence.
Integration Through Connecting in Explanatory Sequential Mixed Method Studies
(Sage, 2020-12) Burke Draucker, Claire; Rawl, Susan M.; Vode, Emilee; Carter-Harris, Lisa; School of Nursing
The purposes of this methods article are to (a) discuss how integration can occur through a connecting approach in explanatory sequential mixed methods studies, (b) describe a connecting strategy developed for a study testing a conceptual model to predict lung cancer screening, and (c) describe three analytic products developed by subsequent integration procedures enabled by the connecting strategy. Connecting occurs when numeric data from a quantitative strand of a study are used to select a sample to be interviewed for a subsequent qualitative strand. Because researchers often do not fully exploit numeric data for this purpose, we developed a multi-step systematic sampling strategy that produced an interview sample of eight subgroups of five persons (n = 40) whose profiles converged with or diverged from the conceptual model in specified ways. The subgroups facilitated the development of tailored interview guides, in-depth narrative summaries, and exemplar case studies to expand the quantitative findings.
An introduction to key event mapping: A primer for nurse researchers
(Elsevier, 2015-05) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Indiana University School of Nursing
To fully understand the events leading to a diagnosis, retrospective recall can help nurse researchers reconstruct important health behavior-related events. However, retrospective recall can be a challenge. Key event mapping offers nurse researchers a method beyond retrospective chart review to elicit date data to explore the pre-diagnosis time frame of an illness. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the key event mapping method to nurse researchers in search of a method of eliciting date data from participants when designing research studies that include a retrospective recall component.

Browsing by Author "Carter-Harris, Lisa"

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