- Browse by Author
Browsing by Author "Buzon, Michele R."
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A Healed Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture, Shoulder, and Rib Fractures in an Ancient Nubian Female: An Osteoarchaeological Perspective(Hindawi, 2024-02-12) Loder, Randall T.; Buzon, Michele R.; Sanders, Kaitlyn E.; Orthopaedic Surgery, School of MedicineThis report is a case of a healed proximal intertrochanteric femur fracture nonunion in an ancient Nubian adult female, approximately 58 years old at the time of death, from the Tombos archaeological site in present day northern Sudan. Tombos was founded as an Egyptian colonial town during the New Kingdom Period (14001070 BC). The individual was radiocarbon dated to 1114-910 BC and also exhibited healed fractures of the left proximal humerus and ribs. There was shortening and mild atrophy of the right femur compared to the left; radiographs demonstrated a varus deformity of the proximal femur with associated retroversion. Bone density analysis revealed that the tissue mineral density z-score for this individual was -0.798, with the z-score for Tombos females 15-24 years old being 0.396, or a total difference of 1.194. This indicates that the individual was osteopenic but not osteoporotic prior to demise. This is an important case as it occurred approximately 3000 years ago and is the oldest known reported case of a healed intertrochanteric hip fracture in the archaeological literature. Archaeological cases of intertrochanteric hip fractures are rare, with none previously reported from the BC era. The timing of these multiple fractures is unknown, but all healed before the demise of the individual. Thus, there must have been considerable care afforded to such an individual to minimize the morbidities associated with nonoperative care of such a fracture. If all these fractures occurred at the same time due to a traumatic, accidental injury, the Modified Injury Severity Score (MISS) would be 25. Modern day trauma resuscitation and orthopaedic care gives an estimated mortality for such a MISS score of 28% for those <50 years old. It is likely that this individual's high socioeconomic status allowed for intensive nursing care which likely decreased the morality risk.Item Dental microwear texture analysis of Homo sapiens sapiens : Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists(Wiley, 2019-06) Schmidt, Christopher W.; Remy, Ashley J.; Van Sessen, Rebecca; Scott, Rachel M.; Mahoney, Patrick; Beach, Jeremy J.; McKinley, Jacqueline; d’Anastasio, Ruggero; Chiu, Laura W.; Buzon, Michele R.; de Gregory, J. Rocco; Sheridan, Susan G.; Eng, Jacqueline T.; Watson, James T.; Klaus, Haagen D.; Willman, John C.; Da-Gloria, Pedro; Wilson, Jeremy J.; Krueger, Kristin L.; Stone, Abigail; Sereno, Paul C.; Droke, Jessica L.; Perash, Rose L.; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Herrmann, Nicholas P.; Anthropology, School of Liberal ArtsObjectives The current study seeks to determine if a sample of foragers, farmers, and pastoralists are distinguishable based on their dental microwear texture signatures. Materials and methods The study included a sample of 719 individuals from 51 archeological sites (450 farmers, 192 foragers, 77 pastoralists). All were over age 12 and sexes were pooled. Using a Sensofar® white‐light confocal profiler we collected dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) data from a single first or second molar from each individual. We leveled and cleaned data clouds following standard procedures and analyzed the data with Sfrax® and Toothfrax® software. The DMTA variables were complexity and anisotropy. Statistics included ANOVA with partial eta squared and Hedges's g. We also performed a follow‐up K‐means cluster analysis. Results We found significant differences between foragers and farmers and pastoralists for complexity and anisotropy, with foragers having greater complexity than either the farmers or the pastoralists. The farmers and pastoralists had greater anisotropy than the foragers. The Old World foragers had significantly higher anisotropy values than New World foragers. Old and New World farmers did not differ. Among the Old World farmers, those dating from the Neolithic through the Late Bronze Age had higher complexity values than those from the Iron Age through the medieval period. The cluster analysis discerned foragers and farmers but also indicated similarity between hard food foragers and hard food farmers. Discussion Our findings reaffirm that DMTA is capable of distinguishing human diets. We found that foragers and farmers, in particular, differ in their microwear signatures across the globe. There are some exceptions, but nothing that would be unexpected given the range of human diets and food preparation techniques. This study indicates that in general DMTA is an efficacious means of paleodietary reconstruction in humans.