Browsing by Author "Baert, Fleur"

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    Child pain-related injustice appraisals mediate the relationship between just-world beliefs and pain-related functioning
    (Wiley, 2021) Daenen, Frederick; McParland, Joanna; Baert, Fleur; Miller, Megan Marie; Hirsh, Adam Todd; Vervoort, Tine; Psychology, School of Science
    Background: Research among adult and paediatric samples suggests that pain-related injustice appraisals contribute to adverse pain-related functioning. However, a singular focus on pain-related injustice appraisals carries the risk of underestimating the role of broader concepts of justice. This study examined the unique roles of child pain-related injustice appraisals and just-world beliefs in understanding disability and physical, emotional, social and academic functioning, as well as the mediating role of injustice appraisals in the relationship between just-world beliefs and functioning. Methods: Participants comprised a school sample of 2,174 children (Study 1) and a clinical sample of 146 paediatric chronic pain patients (Study 2) who completed the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), Personal and General Belief in a Just World scales (JWB-P/G), Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children (PCS-C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL). Results: For both samples, child pain-related injustice appraisals were associated with poorer functioning, after controlling for just-world beliefs, catastrophizing, pain intensity, age and sex. In the school sample, injustice appraisals mediated the associations of both personal and general just-world beliefs with functioning. In the clinical sample, injustice appraisals mediated the association of personal, but not general, just-world beliefs with all functioning scales. Conclusions: The current findings attest to the unique role of pain-related injustice appraisals in understanding child pain-related functioning and their explanatory value in understanding the relationship between fundamental just-world beliefs and child pain-related functioning. Significance: The present study adds to emerging literature on the adverse effects of child pain-related injustice appraisals in the context of pain, through showing that pain-related injustice appraisals are uniquely associated with pain-related functioning and mediate the relationship between just-world beliefs and pain-related functioning. These findings suggest that interventions may target pain-related injustice appraisals as a mechanism for change in children.
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    Parental Injustice Appraisals in the Context of Child Pain: Examining the Construct and Criterion Validity of the IEQ-Pc and IEQ-Ps
    (Elsevier, 2019) Baert, Fleur; Miller, Megan Marie; Trost, Zina; Hirsh, Aaron Todd; McParland, Joanna; De Schryver, Maarten; Vervoort, Tine; Psychology, School of Science
    A growing pediatric and adult literature highlights the role of injustice appraisals in adjustment to pain. However, interpersonal injustice dynamics have remained largely unexplored. The present study investigated the factor structure and criterion validity of parentally adjusted versions of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire, assessing child-oriented (IEQ-Pc) and self-oriented appraisals (IEQ-Ps) in the context of child pain. Participants were triads of healthy children (N = 407, Mage = 12) and both their parents and dyads of children with chronic pain (N = 319, Mage = 14) and 1 parent. In both samples, children completed measures of functional disability and quality of life (physical, emotional, social, and academic); parents completed the IEQ-Pc, IEQ-Ps, and a measure of parental catastrophizing about child pain. Across samples, a confirmatory oblique two-factor model (Severity/Irreparability-Blame/Unfairness) provided a better fit to the data compared to a one-factor model; nevertheless, the two-factor solution was considered suboptimal. A post hoc exploratory factor analysis consistently revealed 1 factor. In terms of criterion validity, the IEQ-Pc and IEQ-Ps demonstrated differential associations depending on the child's pain versus healthy status, independent of parental catastrophizing. Further, findings in the healthy sample indicated that fathers’ self-oriented injustice appraisals related to lower child social function. In the clinical sample, parental child-oriented injustice appraisals related to greater child functional disability and lower physical, emotional, social, and academic function. Current findings support the unique role of parental injustice appraisals, assessed by the IEQ-Pc and IEQ-Ps, in understanding child pain, but also suggest these may only partially capture the phenomenology of parental injustice appraisals in the context of child pain.
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    The impact of maternal child- and self-oriented pain-related injustice appraisals upon maternal attention to child pain, attention to anger, and pain-attending behavior
    (Sage, 2022) Baert, Fleur; Van Ryckeghem, Dimitri; Sanchez-Lopez, Alvaro; Miller, Megan M.; Hirsh, Adam T.; Trost, Zina; Vervoort, Tine; Psychology, School of Science
    Objectives: The current study investigated the role of maternal child- and self-oriented injustice appraisals about child pain in understanding maternal attention for child pain and adult anger cues and pain-attending behavior. Methods: Forty-four children underwent a painful cold pressor task (CPT) while their mother observed. Eye tracking was used to measure maternal attention to child pain and adult anger cues. Initial attention allocation and attentional maintenance were indexed by probability of first fixation and gaze duration, respectively. Maternal pain-attending behaviors toward the child were videotaped and coded after CPT completion. Mothers also rated the intensity of pain and anger cues used in the free-viewing tasks. All analyses controlled for maternal catastrophizing about child pain. Results: Neither child-oriented nor self-oriented injustice was associated with maternal attentional bias toward child pain. Regarding attention toward self-relevant anger cues, differential associations were observed for self- and child-oriented injustice appraisals, with maternal self-oriented injustice being associated with a greater probability of first fixating on anger and with higher anger ratings, whereas maternal child-oriented injustice was associated with enhanced attentional maintenance toward anger. Neither type of maternal injustice appraisals was associated with maternal pain-attending behavior, which was only associated with maternal catastrophizing. Conclusions: The current study sheds light on potential differential mechanisms through which maternal self- vs. child-oriented injustice appraisals may exert their impact on parent and child pain-related outcomes. Theoretical implications and future directions are discussed.