Browsing by Author "Awonusi, Oluwaseyi"

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    Airway foreign body retrieval in a tracheostomy-dependent patient with severe laryngeal stenosis
    (Elsevier, 2022-09) Awonusi, Oluwaseyi; Halum, Stacey; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objective When an airway foreign body (FB) cannot be retrieved through the glottis via direct laryngoscopy, it poses a special clinical challenge. We herein describe retrieval of an aspirated FB in a tracheostomy-dependent patient with severe laryngeal stenosis which precluded transglottic FB removal. Methods A 34-year-old man with a history of tracheostomy-dependence presented to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. He reported aspirating a Montgomery cannula. Computed Tomography (CT) scan imaging demonstrated an aspirated Montgomery cannula (AMC) in the distal tracheobronchial airway with extension into the right bronchus. Results After the patient was placed under general anesthesia, micro-direct laryngoscopy with dilation of posterior glottic and subglottic stenosis was performed. Even after laryngeal dilation, the severity of the stenosis made it unfeasible to pass the AMC through the laryngeal inlet. Passing instrumentation through the stoma would occlude the patient's only airway and he was already in respiratory distress. Therefore, a thin bronchoscope and balloon dilator were passed through the larynx and used in a manner that kept the AMC lumen patent while drawing it back to the level of the stoma where it could be retrieved with a hemostat. There was no damage to the airway at the conclusion of the operation and the patient was discharged without complication. Conclusion In the setting of severe laryngeal stenosis in tracheostomy patients, certain FBs may be retrieved using the method described in this case report.
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    Eliciting and Characterizing Porcine Vocalizations: When Pigs Fly
    (Elsevier, 2022-04-30) Zhang, Lujuan; Fujiki, Robert Brinton; Brookes, Sarah; Calcagno, Haley; Awonusi, Oluwaseyi; Kluender, Keith; Berry, Kevin; Venkatraman, Anumitha; Maulden, Amanda; Sivasankar, M. Preeti; Voytik-Harbin, Sherry; Halum, Stacey; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Background/Objectives: While voice-related therapeutic interventions are often researched preclinically in the porcine model, there are no well-established methods to induce porcine glottic phonation. Described approaches such as training animals to phonate for positive reinforcement are time-consuming and plagued by inherent variability in the type of phonation produced and contamination of background noise. Thus, a reliable method of assessing glottic phonation in the porcine model is needed. Methods: In this study, we have created a novel pulley-based apparatus with harness for “pig-lifting” with surrounding acoustic insulation and high-directional microphone with digital recorder for recording phonation. Praat and Matlab were used to analyze all porcine vocalizations for fundamental frequency (F0), intensity, duration of phonation and cepstral peak prominence (CPP). Glottic phonation was detected using F0 (≥ 2000 hz), duration (≥.3 seconds) and researcher perceptual judgment. Partial-glottic phonations were also analyzed. Reliability between researcher judgment and acoustic measures for glottic phonation detection was high. Results: Acoustic analysis demonstrated that glottic and partial-glottic phonation was consistently elicited, with no formal training of the minipigs required. Glottic vocalizations increased with multiple lifts. Glottic phonation continued to be elicited after multiple days but became less frequent. Glottic and partial-glottic phonations had similar CPP values over the 6 experimental days. Conclusion: Our cost-effective, reliable method of inducing and recording glottic phonation in the porcine model may provide a cost effective, preclinical tool in voice research.
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    Impact of Needle Selection on Survival of Muscle-Derived Cells When Used for Laryngeal Injections
    (Longdom Publishing, 2023) Awonusi, Oluwaseyi; Harbin, Zachary J.; Brookes, Sarah; Zhang, Lujuan; Kaefer, Samuel; Morrison, Rachel A.; Newman, Sharlé; Voytik-Harbin, Sherry; Halum, Stacey; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objective: To describe how differing injector needles and delivery vehicles impact Autologous Muscle-Derived Cell (AMDC) viability when used for laryngeal injection. Methods: In this study, adult porcine muscle tissue was harvested and used to create AMDC populations. While controlling cell concentration (1 × 107 cells/ml), AMDCs including Muscle Progenitor Cells (MPCs) or Motor Endplate Expressing Cells (MEEs) were suspended in either phosphate-buffered saline or polymerizable (in-situ scaffold forming) type I oligomeric collagen solution. Cell suspensions were then injected through 23- and 27-gauge needles of different lengths at the same rate (2 ml/min) using a syringe pump. Cell viability was measured immediately after injection and 24- and 48-hours post-injection, and then compared to baseline cell viability prior to injection. Results: The viability of cells post-injection was not impacted by needle length or needle gauge but was significantly impacted by the delivery vehicle. Overall, injection of cells using collagen as a delivery vehicle maintained the highest cell viability. Conclusion: Needle gauge, needle length, and delivery vehicle are important factors that can affect the viability of injected cell populations. These factors should be considered and adapted to improve injectable MDC therapy outcomes when used for laryngeal applications.