Browsing by Author "Alexander, Riley E."

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    Answer to August 2014 Photo Quiz
    (American Society for Microbiology, 2014-08) Relich, Ryan F.; Faught, Phillip R.; McCoy, Morgan H.; Alexander, Riley E.; Pritt, Bobbi S.; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
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    Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced neoplasia in the urinary bladder: a missing link?
    (2016) Alexander, Riley E.; Wang, Lisha; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Emerson, Robert E.; Montironi, Rodolfo; Pedrosa, Jose A.; Kaimakliotis, Hristos Z.; Koch, Michael O.; Cheng, Liang; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    The discovery that the role human papillomavirus (HPV) plays in the induction of human cancer represents an important achievement in oncologic research. It has taken on even greater importance since the development of vaccines, which promise the hope of preventing these cancers from ever occurring. Because of these important implications, many have attempted to determine a possible role for the virus in cancers of the urinary bladder-an organ in close anatomic proximity to the primary sites of HPV-induced neoplasia and one which already has an established oncogenic infectious agent in Schistosoma haematobium. Here we review the current literature exploring this possible role in the most common subtype of cancer of the urinary bladder, urothelial carcinoma, and two much more rare histologic subtypes that have well established roles for HPV-induced neoplasia in other anatomic sites-squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
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    Photo Quiz: An Unexpected Colonoscopic Finding in a 13-Year-Old Boy
    (American Society for Microbiology (ASM), 2014-08) Relich, Ryan F.; Faught, Phillip R.; McCoy, Morgan H.; Alexander, Riley E.; Pritt, Bobbi S.; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, IU School of Medicine
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    The Expression Patterns of p53 and p16 and an Analysis of a Possible Role of HPV in Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Urinary Bladder
    (Public Library of Science, 2014-04-21) Alexander, Riley E.; Williamson, Sean R.; Richey, Justin; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Montironi, Rodolfo; Davidson, Darrell D.; Idrees, Muhammad T.; Jones, Carol L.; Zhang, Shaobo; Wang, Lisha; Rao, Qiu; Pedrosa, Jose A.; Kaimakliotis, Hristos Z.; Monn, M. Francesca; Koch, Michael O.; Cheng, Liang; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is rare. The molecular and cellular events leading to its pathogenesis are not well delineated. The goal of this study was to investigate p53 and p16 expression, as well as HPV status, in a relatively large series of primary bladder adenocarcinomas. Materials and methods: Thirty six cases of urinary bladder adenocarcinoma were chosen from participating institutions. The diagnosis and available clinical history were reviewed in each case. Immunostains for p53, p16 and HPV and high-risk and low-risk HPV-ISH were performed on all tumors. Results: Patients had an average age of 61 years with a male predominance (1.5 ∶ 1 male ∶ female ratio). The average tumor size in cystectomy specimens was 4.3 cm. Of the cases managed by transurethral resection, 40% were pT2 at the time of diagnosis. In cystectomy specimens, 77% were either pT3 or pT4. Strong nuclear p16 expression was seen in 67% of all cases and p53 expression was present in 58% of the cases. Expression of both markers was seen in 33% of cases. Expression of p16 or p53 alone was present in 12 (33%) and 9 (25%) cases, respectively. Neither marker was expressed in only 3 (8%) of the tumors. No significant correlation between clinical variables and any of the markers we studied was identified. No HPV infection was detected in any case. Conclusions: Expression of p53 and/or p16 is very common in urinary bladder adenocarcinoma. These findings implicate a high likelihood that alterations in these cell cycle proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of these tumors. Despite frequent immunohistochemical labeling for p16, no evidence of HPV infection was found.