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Browsing by Author "Albright, David A."
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Item A Comparison of the Force-Moment Systems Generated by Orthodontic Stainless Steel T-loop and Triangular Springs(1999) Albright, David A.; Chen, Jie; Baldwin, James J.; Hohlt, William F.; Katona, Thomas R.; Shanks, James C.The force-moment systems of orthodontic T-loops have been widely described and investigated. A simpler triangular loop spring design has been employed in the graduate orthodontic clinic at Indiana University School of Dentistry. To date, no investigators have specifically examined and compared the force systems generated by these two loop configurations. The objective of this study was to compare the force systems generated by a T-loop and two different geometric shapes of triangular loops. A sample of 20 T-loops and 40 triangular loop springs were studied. The triangular loops were constructed in two different geometric configurations (n = 20 in each group) utilizing the same linear amount of wire as used in the T-loop fabrication. One set of triangular loops was the same height as the T-loop (isosceles shape); the other set was the same width as the T-loop (equilateral shape). Force and moment components along three mutually perpendicular axes (x, y, and z) were analyzed, with particular emphasis on the force system generated in the sagittal plane. The force-moment systems generated upon mesio-distal (x axis) activation were measured by a transducer connected to a computer for data collection and analysis. Statistical analysis utilized repeated measures of variance models (ANOVA). Multiple comparisons were made using Fisher's Protected Least Significant Differences at a 95-percent overall confidence level. On initial ligation, there were no significant differences between the loops in the M/F ratios in the sagittal plane (p = 0.75). For all other activation distances, the equilateral triangular loops produced greater M/F ratios than both the isosceles and T-loops (p = 0.0001), and the isosceles triangular loops generated greater M/F ratios than the T-loops (p < 0.0035).Item Correlation between Advanced Dental Admission Test performance and dental MATCH success(Wiley, 2021-04) Deek, Joseph; Albright, David A.; John, Vanchit; Tang, Qing; Stewart, Kelton T.; Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, School of DentistryPurpose/Objectives The Advanced Dental Admissions Test was developed in 2016 to aid residency programs evaluate qualified applicants. Since its conception, however, there have been no studies seeking to evaluate the usefulness of the exam regarding an applicants’ ability to match with a residency program through the Postdoctoral Dental Matching Program (MATCH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Advanced Dental Admission Test performance on student MATCH success into a post-doctoral pediatric residency program. Methods This retrospective study evaluated the academic records of pediatric residency applicants using the ADEA PASS and MATCH program between 2017 and 2019. Five scholastic and 7 demographic variables were extracted from student ADEA PASS applications. Applicant MATCH status and preference was obtained from the Postdoctoral Dental Matching Program. Descriptive statistics for each application cycle was calculated and used to evaluate applicant demographic and scholastic data. Correlation coefficients assessed for associations between scholastic/demographic factors and MATCH status/preference. Logistic regression models estimated the probability of MATCH status/preference. Significance was set at 5%. Results An association was found between ADAT scores and MATCH status, but the influence was minimal (odds ratio: 1.004, 95% confidence interval: 1.001-1.008). Applicant age (P < 0.0216) and dental schools that ranked students (P < 0.0002) were the most significant factors for MATCH status and preference, respectively. Conclusions ADAT scores played a minimal role in applicants matching to pediatric residency programs. Applicant age and schools that provide class ranks were found to be significant predictors when considering MATCH status and preference to pediatric residency programs.Item The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. orthodontic practices in 2020(Elsevier, 2021-10-04) Motevasel, Hengameh; Helms, Lana R.; Eckert, George J.; Stewart, Kelton T.; Albright, David A.; Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, School of DentistryINTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the immediate impact and long-term implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus on orthodontic practices in the United States in 2020. METHODS: A 35-item survey was developed and validated to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the orthodontic specialty. The survey contained 5 domains, including respondent's demographic information, COVID-19 information acquisition, practice ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic, financial implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, and patient management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. This voluntary survey acquired responses from active orthodontists in the United States. Associations of demographic and practice characteristics with items related to COVID-19 were assessed using chi-square tests, with a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The survey was disseminated to 5,694 orthodontists, and 507 complete surveys were obtained (response rate of 8.9%). Respondents indicated that they obtained the most useful information regarding the COVID-19 pandemic through professional associations and internet or online news resources. However, 30% of the orthodontists believed information regarding personal financial guidelines was lacking. Most respondents identified delayed treatment progress and temporary staff layoffs as the 2 most negative ramifications of mandated office closures. Approximately 93% of practices applied for and used some sort of stimulus funding offered through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act. Respondents indicated that the COVID-19 related office closures resulted in an average of 50% decrease in net revenue. CONCLUSIONS: The survey found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a broad and significant impact on patient care and financial aspects of U.S. orthodontic practices in 2020. Although generally accepting of the federal and state recommendations, respondents appeared to desire more guidance during the early phase of the pandemic.Item Is There a Correlation Between Airway Volume and Maximum Constriction Area Location in Different Dentofacial Deformities?(Elsevier, 2020) dos Santos, Liseane F.; Albright, David A.; Dutra, Vinicius; Bhamidipall, Surya S.; Stewart, Kelton T.; Polido, Waldemar D.; Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, School of DentistryPurpose The purpose of the present study was to correlate the airway volume and maximum constriction area (MCA) with the type of dentofacial deformity in patients who required orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods The present retrospective cohort study included orthognathic surgery patients selected from the private practice of one of us. The selected cases were stratified into 5 different groups according to the clinical and cephalometric diagnosis of their dentofacial deformity. The preoperative airway volume and anatomic location of the MCA were calculated using the airway tool of the Dolphin Imaging software module (Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, CA) and correlated with the diagnosed dentofacial deformity. Differences in the pretreatment airway volumes and MCA location were compared among the deformities. Results The MCA location was more often the nasopharynx for maxillary deficiency and the oropharynx for mandibular deficiency deformities. The nasopharynx volume was significantly smaller statistically ( P < .005) for maxillary deficiency plus mandibular excess compared with mandibular deficiency. The hypopharynx volume was significantly smaller statistically ( P < .005) for vertical maxillary excess plus mandibular deficiency than for both maxillary deficiency and maxillary deficiency plus mandibular excess. No statistically significant difference was found among the different deformity groups in relation to the mean airway volume ( P > .005). Conclusions The location of the airway MCA seems to have a strong correlation with the horizontal position of the maxilla and mandible. The MCA in maxillary deficiencies (isolated or combined) was in the nasopharynx, and the MCA in mandibular deficiencies (isolated or combined) was in the oropharynx. Clinicians should consider these anatomic findings when planning the location and magnitude of orthognathic surgery movements to optimize the outcomes.