Browsing by Author "Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar"

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    Mitigating the Burden of Severe Pediatric Respiratory Viruses in the Post-COVID-19 Era: ChatGPT Insights and Recommendations
    (Springer, 2023-03-16) Alhasan, Khalid; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar; Aljamaan, Fadi; Jamal, Amr; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Medicine, School of Medicine
    In the current post-pandemic era, the rapid spread of respiratory viruses among children and infants resulted in hospitals and pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) becoming overwhelmed. Healthcare providers around the world faced a significant challenge from the outbreak of respiratory viruses like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), metapneumovirus, and influenza viruses. The chatbot generative pre-trained transformer, ChatGPT, which was launched by OpenAI in November 2022, had both positive and negative aspects in medical writing. Still, it has the potential to generate mitigation suggestions that could be rapidly implemented. We describe the generated suggestion from ChatGPT on 27 Feb 2023 in response to the question "What's your advice for the pediatric intensivists?" We as human authors and healthcare providers, do agree with and supplement with references these suggestions of ChatGPT. We also advocate that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots could be utilized in seeking a vigilant and robust healthcare system to rapidly adapt to changing respiratory viruses circulating around the seasons, but AI-generated suggestions need experts to validate them, and further research is warranted.
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    Multisociety statement on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination as a condition of employment for healthcare personnel
    (Cambridge University Press, 2022-01) Weber, David J.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar; Babcock, Hilary; Bryant, Kristina; Drees, Marci; Elshaboury, Ramy; Essick, Katharine; Fakih, Mohamad; Henderson, David; Javaid, Waleed; Juffras, Diane; Jump, Robin L. P.; Lee, Francesca; Malani, Anurag N.; Mathew, Trini; Murthy, A. Rekha; Nace, David; O'Shea, Tara; Pettigrew, Erica; Pettis, Ann Marie; Schaffzin, Joshua; Shenoy, Erica S.; Vaishampayan, Julie; Wiley, Zanthia; Wright, Sharon B.; Yokoe, Deborah; Young, Heather; Medicine, School of Medicine
    This consensus statement by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (AMDA), the Association for Professionals in Epidemiology and Infection Control (APIC), the HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) recommends that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination should be a condition of employment for all healthcare personnel in facilities in the United States. Exemptions from this policy apply to those with medical contraindications to all COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States and other exemptions as specified by federal or state law. The consensus statement also supports COVID-19 vaccination of nonemployees functioning at a healthcare facility (eg, students, contract workers, volunteers, etc).
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    Viral shedding and antibody response in 37 patients with MERS-coronavirus infection
    (Oxford, 2016-11) Corman, Victor M.; Albarrak, Ali M.; Omrani, Ali Senosi; Albarrak, Mohammed M.; Farah, Mohamed Elamin; Almasri, Malak; Muth, Doreen; Sieberg, Andrea; Meyer, Benjamin; Assiri, Abdullah M.; Binger, Tabea; Steinhagen, Katja; Lattwein, Erik; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar; Müller, Marcel A.; Drosten, Christian; Memish, Ziad A.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Background. The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus causes isolated cases and outbreaks of severe respiratory disease. Essential features of the natural history of disease are poorly understood. Methods. We studied 37 adult patients infected with MERS coronavirus for viral load in the lower and upper respiratory tracts (LRT and URT, respectively), blood, stool, and urine. Antibodies and serum neutralizing activities were determined over the course of disease. Results. One hundred ninety-nine LRT samples collected during the 3 weeks following diagnosis yielded virus RNA in 93% of tests. Average (maximum) viral loads were 5 × 106 (6 × 1010) copies/mL. Viral loads (positive detection frequencies) in 84 URT samples were 1.9 × 104 copies/mL (47.6%). Thirty-three percent of all 108 serum samples tested yielded viral RNA. Only 14.6% of stool and 2.4% of urine samples yielded viral RNA. All seroconversions occurred during the first 2 weeks after diagnosis, which corresponds to the second and third week after symptom onset. Immunoglobulin M detection provided no advantage in sensitivity over immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection. All surviving patients, but only slightly more than half of all fatal cases, produced IgG and neutralizing antibodies. The levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies were weakly and inversely correlated with LRT viral loads. Presence of antibodies did not lead to the elimination of virus from LRT. Conclusions. The timing and intensity of respiratory viral shedding in patients with MERS closely matches that of those with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Blood viral RNA does not seem to be infectious. Extrapulmonary loci of virus replication seem possible. Neutralizing antibodies do not suffice to clear the infection.