Browsing by Author "Aghajani, Faezeh"

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    Acceptance or Rejection of the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Study on Iranian People's Opinions toward the COVID-19 Vaccine
    (MDPI, 2022-04-23) Nakhostin-Ansari, Amin; Zimet, Gregory D.; Khonji, Mohammad Saeid; Aghajani, Faezeh; Teymourzadeh, Azin; Kazerooni, Amir Ali Rastegar; Pirayandeh, Pendar; Aghajani, Reyhaneh; Safari, Sepideh; Khalaj, Kamand; Memari, Amir Hossein; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    We aimed to assess the Iranian people’s attitude and confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine, their concerns about the safety of vaccines, and their reasons for accepting or rejecting the COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted a web-based cross-sectional study with a mixed qualitative−quantitative approach from December 2020 to February 2021. Our questionnaire consisted of a COVID-19 vaccine attitude questionnaire, a COVID-19 vaccine confidence inventory, a modified vaccine safety scale, and questions about participants’ decision to accept or refuse the COVID-19 vaccine, and their explanations for their decisions. The research included 1928 people with an average age of 34.88 years with 1236 (64.1%) being female. A total of 1330 participants desired to have the COVID-19 vaccine (69%). Female gender, lower educational levels, following COVID-19 news through sources other than websites and social media, not following COVID-19 news, and loss of a first-degree relative due to COVID-19 were all associated with a more negative attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine (p < 0.01). To conclude, the acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine among Iranians is comparable to the international average; however, it is still unfavorable. There are serious challenges to the vaccination program in Iran, such as older adults’ lower intention to undergo the COVID-19 vaccine and misinformation.
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    Perinatal outcomes following fetoscopic laser surgery for early twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
    (Wiley, 2024) Mustafa, Hiba J.; Aghajani, Faezeh; Patrick, Elise; Baerz, Maryam M.; Arias‐Sánchez, Pedro; Khalil, Asma; Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Our objective was to investigate outcomes in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated with fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS) at <18 weeks vs ≥18 weeks, and to conduct subgroup analysis of TTTS with FLS at <16 weeks vs 16-18 weeks. Material and methods: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched systematically from inception until May 2023. Primary outcome was survival, and secondary outcomes included preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth and gestational age (GA) at delivery. Results: Nine studies encompassing 1691 TTTS pregnancies were included. TTTS stage III was significantly more common in TTTS pregnancies treated with FLS at <18 weeks (odds ratio [ OR ] 2.84, 95% confidence interval [ CI ] 1.24-6.54), and procedure duration was shorter at <18 weeks (MD -5.27 minutes, 95% CI -9.19 to -1.34). GA at delivery was significantly earlier in TTTS pregnancies treated with FLS at <18 weeks (MD -3.12 weeks, 95% CI -6.11 to -0.13). There were no significant differences in outcomes, including PPROM, PPROM at <7 days post-FLS, preterm birth at <28 and <32 weeks, delivery at <7 days post-FLS, and survival outcomes, including fetal demise, live birth and neonatal survival. Similarly, TTTS stage III was more common in TTTS with FLS at <16 weeks than at 16-18 weeks (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.62-5.35), with no significant differences in the aforementioned outcomes. Conclusions: In early TTTS treated with FLS, outcomes were comparable between those treated at <18 weeks compared with ≥18 weeks except for GA at delivery, which was 3 weeks earlier. In the subset treated at <16 weeks vs 16-18 weeks, the procedure was feasible without an increased risk of very early preterm birth or perinatal mortality.
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    Prenatal Predictors of Survival in Isolated Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2024-09) Tofte, Alena; Aghajani, Faezeh; Jawwad, Mohammad; Flood, Anna; D’Antonio, Francesco; Khalil, Asma; Mustafa, Hiba; Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prenatal fetal imaging findings associated with survival to hospital discharge, persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH), and need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) that are undergoing prenatal expectant management. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE through PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2000 up to July 2023. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Studies that reported on prenatal imaging in fetuses with isolated CDH that were undergoing expectant management were included. Primary outcomes were survival to hospital discharge, persistent PH within 28 days of age, and need for ECMO. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed when at least two studies reported on the same prenatal imaging evaluation. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the side (left or right) of CDH. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: A total of 161 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, with 48 studies meeting the inclusion criteria: 45 (N=3,977) assessed survival, eight (N=994) assessed persistent PH, and 12 (N=2,085) assessed need for ECMO. The pooled proportion was 2,833 of 3,977 (71.2%, 95% CI, 69.8–72.6%) for survival, 565 of 2,085 (27.1%, 95% CI, 25.2–29.1%) for need for ECMO, and 531 of 994 (53.4%, 95% CI, 50.3–56.6%) for need for persistent PH. Prenatal imaging findings that were significantly associated with survival included: total fetal lung volume (mean difference [MD] 13.42, 95% CI, 11.22–15.62), observed-to-expected (O-E) total fetal lung volume less than 30% (odds ratio [OR] 0.09, 95% CI, 0.05–0.17), O-E total fetal lung volume (MD 14.73, 95% CI, 11.62–17.84, I2 46%), liver/intrathoracic ratio (MD −9.59, 95% CI, −15.73 to −3.46), O-E lung/head ratio (MD 14.03, 95% CI, 12.69–15.36), O-E lung/head ratio less than 25% (OR 0.07, 95% CI, 0.04–0.13), mediastinal shift angle (MD −6.17, 95% CI, −7.70 to −4.64), stomach position in mid-chest (OR 0.14, 95% CI, 0.06–0.36), and intrathoracic liver (OR 0.23, 95% CI, 0.15–0.35). In subgroup analyses, findings for left-sided CDH remained significant in all the aforementioned findings. The only prenatal imaging finding that was significantly associated with persistent PH was intrathoracic liver (OR 1.96, 95% CI, 1.14–3.37), but this association was no longer significant in subgroup analyses. Prenatal imaging findings that were significantly associated with need for ECMO included: O-E total fetal lung volume (MD −10.08, 95% CI, −13.54 to −6.62), O-E lung/head ratio (MD −9.88, 95% CI, 14.44 to −5.33, I2 30%), subgroup analysis to the left-sided CDH remained significant, percentage of predicted lung volume (MD −9.81, 95% CI, −13.56 to −6.06, I2 34%), and intrathoracic liver (OR 2.70, 95% CI, 1.60–4.57, I2 0%), but this association was no longer significant in left-sided CDH subgroup analysis. CONCLUSION: Several prenatal imaging findings, including lung measurements, intrathoracic liver, and stomach position, were predictive of neonatal survival. Lung measurement was predictive of need for ECMO, and intrathoracic liver was significantly associated with persistent PH and need for ECMO.