Department of Pediatrics

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Browsing Department of Pediatrics by Author "Abbas, Qalab"

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    A research definition and framework for acute paediatric critical illness across resource-variable settings: a modified Delphi consensus
    (Elsevier, 2024) Arias, Anita V.; Lintner-Rivera, Michael; Shafi, Nadeem I.; Abbas, Qalab; Abdelhafeez, Abdelhafeez H.; Ali, Muhammad; Ammar, Halaashuor; Anwar, Ali I.; Appiah, John Adabie; Attebery, Jonah E.; Diaz Villalobos, Willmer E.; Ferreira, Daiane; González-Dambrauskas, Sebastián; Habib, Muhammad Irfan; Lee, Jan Hau; Kissoon, Niranjan; Tekleab, Atnafu M.; Molyneux, Elizabeth M.; Morrow, Brenda M.; Nadkarni, Vinay M.; Rivera, Jocelyn; Silvers, Rebecca; Steere, Mardi; Tatay, Daniel; Bhutta, Adnan T.; Kortz, Teresa B.; Agulnik, Asya; Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network on behalf of the PALISI Global Health Subgroup; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    The true global burden of paediatric critical illness remains unknown. Studies on children with life-threatening conditions are hindered by the absence of a common definition for acute paediatric critical illness (DEFCRIT) that outlines components and attributes of critical illness and does not depend on local capacity to provide critical care. We present an evidence-informed consensus definition and framework for acute paediatric critical illness. DEFCRIT was developed following a scoping review of 29 studies and key concepts identified by an interdisciplinary, international core expert panel (n=24). A modified Delphi process was then done with a panel of multidisciplinary health-care global experts (n=109) until consensus was reached on eight essential attributes and 28 statements as the basis of DEFCRIT. Consensus was reached in two Delphi rounds with an expert retention rate of 89%. The final consensus definition for acute paediatric critical illness is: an infant, child, or adolescent with an illness, injury, or post-operative state that increases the risk for or results in acute physiological instability (abnormal physiological parameters or vital organ dysfunction or failure) or a clinical support requirement (such as frequent or continuous monitoring or time-sensitive interventions) to prevent further deterioration or death. The proposed definition and framework provide the conceptual clarity needed for a unified approach for global research across resource-variable settings. Future work will centre on validating DEFCRIT and determining high priority measures and guidelines for data collection and analysis that will promote its use in research.
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    Etiology of hospital mortality in children living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Frontiers Media, 2024-06-07) Kortz, Teresa B.; Mediratta, Rishi P.; Smith, Audrey M.; Nielsen, Katie R.; Agulnik, Asya; Gordon Rivera, Stephanie; Reeves, Hailey; O'Brien, Nicole F.; Hau Lee, Jan; Abbas, Qalab; Attebery, Jonah E.; Bacha, Tigist; Bhutta, Emaan G.; Biewen, Carter J.; Camacho-Cruz, Jhon; Coronado Muñoz, Alvaro; deAlmeida, Mary L.; Owusu, Larko Domeryo; Fonseca, Yudy; Hooli, Shubhada; Wynkoop, Hunter; Leimanis-Laurens, Mara; Mally, Deogratius Nicholaus; McCarthy, Amanda M.; Mutekanga, Andrew; Pineda, Carol; Remy, Kenneth E.; Sanders, Sara C.; Tabor, Erica; Teixeira Rodrigues, Adriana; Yuee Wang, Justin Qi; Kissoon, Niranjan; Takwoingi, Yemisi; Wiens, Matthew O.; Bhutta, Adnan; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    In 2019, 80% of the 7.4 million global child deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Global and regional estimates of cause of hospital death and admission in LMIC children are needed to guide global and local priority setting and resource allocation but are currently lacking. The study objective was to estimate global and regional prevalence for common causes of pediatric hospital mortality and admission in LMICs. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify LMIC observational studies published January 1, 2005-February 26, 2021. Eligible studies included: a general pediatric admission population, a cause of admission or death, and total admissions. We excluded studies with data before 2,000 or without a full text. Two authors independently screened and extracted data. We performed methodological assessment using domains adapted from the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Data were pooled using random-effects models where possible. We reported prevalence as a proportion of cause of death or admission per 1,000 admissions with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Our search identified 29,637 texts. After duplicate removal and screening, we analyzed 253 studies representing 21.8 million pediatric hospitalizations in 59 LMICs. All-cause pediatric hospital mortality was 4.1% [95% CI 3.4%–4.7%]. The most common causes of mortality (deaths/1,000 admissions) were infectious [12 (95% CI 9–14)]; respiratory [9 (95% CI 5–13)]; and gastrointestinal [9 (95% CI 6–11)]. Common causes of admission (cases/1,000 admissions) were respiratory [255 (95% CI 231–280)]; infectious [214 (95% CI 193–234)]; and gastrointestinal [166 (95% CI 143–190)]. We observed regional variation in estimates. Pediatric hospital mortality remains high in LMICs. Global child health efforts must include measures to reduce hospital mortality including basic emergency and critical care services tailored to the local disease burden. Resources are urgently needed to promote equity in child health research, support researchers, and collect high-quality data in LMICs to further guide priority setting and resource allocation.