Supplemental Table 1. Major oxide content of North American (NAm) strewn field starting materials*. All data in wt%.   NAm1a NAm2b NAm3c NAm4d NAm5e NAm6f NAm7g SiO2 85.74 71.78 71.79 66.07 77.28 63.49 81.19 Al2O3 7.27 17.43 9.98 4.44 9.43 5.27 6.49 FeO 1.36 5.77 10.08 4.79 7.75 6.81 6.15 MgO 0.24 0.58 1.94 1.04 1.05 0.98 0.8 CaO 0.34 0.34 0.76 20.53 0.4 19.12 1.02 K2O 1.26 0.86 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.32 0.21 Na2O 2.42 1 3.65 1.63 2.13 2.31 1.85 TiO2 0.69 1.28 0.86 0.59 0.99 1.38 1.42 * All samples from Deutsch & Koeberl, (2006) and references therein. CR samples include non-marine sediments of the lower Cretaceous Potomac formation, PR samples include sandy sediments belonging to the Paleocene Aquia formation (PR-3 and PR-4), undisturbed marine target sediments representing the lower Eocene Nanjemoy formation (PR-1 and PR-5), and the middle Eocene Piney Point formation (PR-2). a CR-1 b CR-3 c PR-1 d PR-2 e PR-3 f PR-4 g PR-5 Supplemental Table 2. Major oxide content of the Central European (CEU) and Ivory Coast (IC) strewn field starting materials. All data in wt%.   CEU1a CEU2b CEU3c CEU4d CEU5e CEU6f CEU7g CEU8h CEU9i CEU10j IC1k IC2l IC3m SiO2 60.06 82.75 66.45 20.24 84.3 75.34 77.26 43.8 28.55 96.82 77.11 66.75 57.81 Al2O3 23.41 10.23 12.47 6.12 4.89 9.26 5.44 15.52 8.32 0.95 4.89 15.27 16.45 FeO 7.83 2.03 0.98 0.23 0.98 1.09 0.9 1.26 0.45 0.12 1.27 6.37 6.09 MgO 1.79 0.74 2.3 8.12 1.45 2.31 2.69 2.25 1.31 0.04 2.78 2.12 6.63 CaO 2.45 0.92 0.92 27.38 1.77 3 4.1 11.06 27.86 0.05 4.33 0.19 4.36 K2O 0.17 0.41 0.46 0.12 0.82 1.06 0.82 0.29 0.19 0.03 0.68 2.26 6.04 Na2O 3.11 1.74 2.66 1.09 1.19 1.5 1.29 2.85 1.91 0.66 0.97 1.8 0.67 TiO2 1.03 0.78 0.51 0.16 0.2 0.35 0.19 0.65 0.39 0.19 0.25 0.66 0.46 a Marly lime (Engelhardt et al., 1987) b Sands (Engelhardt et al., 1987) c UTZ-01 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) d UTZ-02 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) e UTZ-03 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) f UTZ-04 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) g ZMTH-05 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) h GLM-10 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) i HRD-15 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) j HRD-16 (OSM sediments; Zak et al., 2016) k Granite dike (Koeberl et al., 1998) l Graywacke-phyllite (Koeberl et al., 1998) m Pepiakese granite (Koeberl et al., 1998) Supplemental Table 3. Major oxide content of the Australasian (AU) strewn field starting materials. All data in wt%.   AU1a AU2b AU3c AU4d AU5e AU6f AU7g AU8h AU9i AU10j SiO2 66.3 91.5 62.8 89.64 38 21.78 26.8 48.81 62.8 72.8 Al2O3 15.5 3.62 18.9 6.66 22.49 29.7 25.03 14.56 18.9 15.4 FeO 6.2 1.13 6.5 1.33 17.42 24.62 24.86 12.33 6.5 4.31 MgO 2 0.45 2.2 1.28 3.38 0.48 1.66 7.24 2.2 1.59 CaO 3.2 1.31 1.3 0.19 2.32 0.18 1.09 8.6 1.3 0.95 K2O 3.1 0.42 1.2 3.38 0.54 0.08 0.27 3.23 1.2 1.28 Na2O 2.3 0.91 3.7 4.97 0.25 0.09 0.17 1.06 3.7 2.21 TiO2 0.72 0.25 1 1.15 2.79 3.85 3.33 1.93 1 0.78 a = Meso-Cenozoic Greywackes (Lin et al., 2011) b = Phanerozoic Sandstones (Lin et al., 2011) c = Post-Archean Shale (Lin et al., 2011) d = MHK (Saminpanya et al., 2014) e = Sedimentary rocks (Sanematsu et al., 2011) f = Basaltic laterite (Sanematsu et al., 2011) g = Sedimentary laterite (Sanematsu et al., 2011) h = Basalt average (Sieh et al., 2020 and references therein) i = Average Post-Archean Australasian shale (Amare & Koeberl, 2006) j = Chinese loess (Mizera et al., 2016) Supplemental Table 4. Average major oxide content of the Australasian strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Numbers in parentheses are 1 standard deviation from the mean.   Australasian tektites   Strewn field (n = 573) Australitesa (n = 110) Indochinitesb (n = 36) Javanitesc (n = 7) Microtektitesd (n = 35) Muong Nonge (n = 75) Philippinitesf (n = 37) Thailanditesg (n = 10) Unknownh (n = 213) SiO2 72.56 (4.3) 72.01 (3.77) 73.58 (2.49) 73.39 (0.8) 66.23 (4.99) 77.52 (2.89) 70.56 (1.69) 75.16 (2.69) 73.39 (2.38) Al2O3 12.65 (2.11) 12.63 (1.95) 12.5 (1.27) 11.27 (0.11) 15.03 (2.82) 10.72 (1.48) 13.21 (1.94) 12.03 (1.25) 12.33 (1.52) FeO 4.72 (0.89) 4.62 (0.7) 4.33 (0.46) 4.93 (0.44) 5.8 (1.01) 3.89 (0.51) 4.54 (0.6) 4.04 (0.51) 4.79 (0.78) MgO 2.36 (1.41) 2.25 (0.63) 2.12 (0.44) 3.34 (0.39) 5 (3.96) 1.49 (0.45) 2.59 (0.35) 1.91 (0.29) 2.39 (0.99) CaO 2.63 (1.24) 3.56 (1.01) 2.33 (0.88) 2.55 (0.31) 3.09 (0.95) 1.41 (0.4) 3.88 (2.04) 1.78 (0.37) 2.12 (0.7) K2O 1.5 (0.66) 2.07 (0.73) 1.31 (0.19) 1.19 (0.1) 1.23 (0.54) 1.17 (0.26) 1.34 (0.21) 1.34 (0.18) 1.22 (0.21) Na2O 2.23 (0.53) 1.6 (0.54) 2.46 (0.19) 2.22 (0.07) 2.27 (1.1) 2.44 (0.13) 2.33 (0.32) 2.48 (0.25) 2.43 (0.28) TiO2 0.74 (0.11) 0.69 (0.11) 0.73 (0.08) 0.68 (0.02) 0.8 (0.12) 0.65 (0.11) 0.78 (0.12) 0.74 (0.06) 0.76 (0.06) a Taylor, 1962; Cuttitta et al., 1963; Chapman & Scheiber, 1969; Mason, 1979; O’keefe, 1993; Mizera et al., 2016 b Schnetzler, 1952; Mason, 1959; Barnes, 1964; Chapman & Scheiber, 1969; Koeberl, 1986; O’keefe, 1993; Son & Koeberl, 2007; Mizera et al., 2016 c Cuttitta, 1962; O’keefe, 1993 d Koeberl, 1988b; O’keefe, 1993; Glass et al., 2004; Glass & Koeberl, 2006; Herzog et al., 2008 e Barnes, 1964; Koeberl, 1992; Chaussidon & Koeberl, 1995; Fiske et al., 1996; Amare & Koeberl, 2006; Son & Koeberl, 2007; Zak et al., 2019 f Schnetzler, 1952; Cuttitta, 1962; Chapman & Scheiber, 1969; Arndt & Rombach, 1976; Mizera et al., 2016 g Cuttitta, 1962; Chaussidon & Koeberl, 1995; Mizera et al., 2016 h Chapman & Scheiber, 1969; Chapman, 1971; Arndt & Rombach, 1976; Klein et al., 1980; Ho & Chen, 1996; Bunopas et al., 1998; Lee et al., 2004; Amare & Koeberl, 2006; Herzog et al., 2008; Lin et al., 2011; Magna et al., 2011; Mizera et al., 2016; Zak et al., 2019; Ackerman et al., 2020 Supplemental Table 4 continued. Range of major oxide content of the Australasian strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Sources are the same as Supplemental Table 4a.   Australasian tektites   Strewn field (n = 573) Australites (n = 110) Indochinites (n = 36) Javanites (n = 7) Microtektites (n = 35) Muong Nong (n = 75) Philippinites (n = 37) Thailandites (n = 10) Unknown (n = 213) SiO2 50.5 - 82.57 62.2 - 79.7 71 - 82.4 72.3 - 74.4 50.5 - 75.9 69.53 - 82.57 67.2 - 74.9 71 - 80.4 64.5 - 82.12 Al2O3 5.15 - 20.66 9.3 - 17.1 8.2 - 14.39 11.1 - 11.4 7.5 - 20.66 8.2 - 14.82 8.9 - 17.7 9.5 - 13.34 5.15 - 14.61 FeO 2.81 - 9.6 3.11 - 6.88 3.09 - 5.12 4.47 - 5.7 3.79 - 9.6 2.81 - 5.13 3.03 - 5.87 3 - 4.67 3.16 - 8.63 MgO 0.09 - 20.7 1.31 - 4.68 1.13 - 2.96 2.88 - 3.79 2.3 - 20.7 0.09 - 2.43 1.87 - 3.65 1.3 - 2.29 0.69 - 8 CaO 0.34 - 9.77 1.48 - 6 0.73 - 3.81 2.1 - 2.91 1.35 - 5.72 0.9 - 2.95 1.37 - 9.77 1.1 - 2.28 0.34 - 5.04 K2O 0.05 - 3.91 0.91 - 3.91 0.91 - 1.7 0.98 - 1.26 0.05 - 2.39 0.77 - 1.8 0.91 - 1.73 1.03 - 1.62 0.62 - 1.76 Na2O 0.04 - 4.54 0.9 - 2.87 2.24 - 3.16 2.09 - 2.29 0.04 - 4.54 2.16 - 2.79 1.63 - 3.12 2.19 - 2.97 1.34 - 3.3 TiO2 0.08 - 1.17 0.08 - 0.93 0.43 - 0.89 0.64 - 0.7 0.5 - 1.17 0.22 - 0.98 0.5 - 1.04 0.62 - 0.82 0.51 - 0.89 Supplemental Table 5. Average and range of major oxide content of the Central European strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Numbers in parentheses are 1 standard deviation from the mean.   Central European tektites   Strewn field (n = 150) Bohemitesa (n = 83) Moravitesb (n = 15) Unknownc (n = 52) Strewn field (n = 150) Bohemites (n = 83) Moravites (n = 15) Unknown (n = 52) SiO2 79.38 (2.55) 80.01 (2.74) 78.88 (1.65) 78.51 (2.18) 73.48 - 88.8 74.2 - 88.8 74.91 - 81.35 73.48 - 85.09 Al2O3 9.98 (1.09) 9.94 (0.95) 11.26 (0.96) 9.69 (1.08) 7.32 - 13.8 7.55 - 13.2 9.78 - 13.8 7.32 - 12.88 FeO 1.72 (0.53) 1.65 (0.31) 1.99 (0.44) 1.75 (0.76) 0.79 - 4.6 0.98 - 3.1 1.43 - 3.1 0.79 - 4.6 MgO 1.95 (0.53) 1.82 (0.4) 1.44 (0.26) 2.3 (0.56) 1 - 3.56 1 - 2.62 1.13 - 2.06 1.33 - 3.56 CaO 2.77 (1.04) 2.61 (0.8) 1.73 (0.59) 3.33 (1.17) 0.7 - 5.8 0.7 - 4.45 0.95 - 3.17 1.17 - 5.8 K2O 0.46 (0.18) 0.45 (0.16) 0.57 (0.12) 0.45 (0.22) 0.13 - 1.21 0.13 - 1.07 0.39 - 0.85 0.21 - 1.21 Na2O 3.4 (0.38) 3.45 (0.37) 3.48 (0.22) 3.29 (0.4) 2.36 - 4.5 2.36 - 4.5 3.01 - 3.81 2.42 - 4.27 TiO2 0.34 (0.14) 0.33 (0.07) 0.46 (0.27) 0.34 (0.16) 0.13 - 1.4 0.22 - 0.74 0.31 - 1.4 0.13 - 0.83 a Cohen, 1963; Schnetzler & Pinson, 1964; Philpotts & Pinson Jr., 1966; Engelhardt et al., 2005; Magna et al., 2011 b Cohen, 1963; Schnetzler & Pinson, 1964; Philpotts & Pinson Jr., 1966; Engelhardt et al., 2005 c Mason, 1959; Konta & Mráz, 1969; Arndt & Rombach, 1976; Koeberl, 1986; Bouska et al., 1990; O’keefe, 1993; Wilding et al., 1996; Engelhardt et al., 2005; Zak et al., 2012 Supplemental Table 6. Average and range of major oxide content of the Ivory Coast strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Numbers in parentheses are 1 standard deviation from the mean.   Ivory Coast tektites   Strewn field (n = 157) Microtektitesa (n = 129) Unknownb (n = 28) Strewn field (n = 157) Microtektites (n = 129) Unknown (n = 28) SiO2 65.98 (4.79) 65.51 (5.11) 68.16 (1.75) 48.6 - 82.1 48.6 - 82.1 66.17 - 76.56 Al2O3 16.06 (1.87) 16 (2) 16.35 (1.02) 9.52 - 26.87 9.52 - 26.87 11.54 - 17.72 FeO 6.65 (1.36) 6.78 (1.46) 6.09 (0.46) 1.29 - 10.8 1.29 - 10.8 3.99 - 6.51 MgO 5.04 (3.86) 5.39 (4.17) 3.41 (0.37) 0.95 - 21.45 0.95 - 21.45 2.64 - 4.39 CaO 1.62 (0.87) 1.68 (0.94) 1.34 (0.24) 0.2 - 9.67 0.2 - 9.67 0.71 - 2 K2O 1.96 (0.57) 1.96 (0.62) 1.95 (0.25) 0.4 - 4 0.4 - 4 1.32 - 2.44 Na2O 1.7 (0.62) 1.66 (0.67) 1.86 (0.24) 0.02 - 4.15 0.02 - 4.15 0.82 - 2.13 TiO2 0.58 (0.11) 0.58 (0.12) 0.58 (0.07) 0.24 - 1.13 0.24 - 1.13 0.47 - 0.8 a Koeberl, 1988b; Koeberl et al., 1997; Giuli et al., 2013 b Mason, 1959; Cohen, 1963; Chapman & Scheiber, 1969; Cuttitta et al., 1972; Chaussidon & Koeberl, 1995; Koeberl et al., 1997 Supplemental Table 7. Average major oxide content of the North American strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Numbers in parentheses are 1 standard deviation from the mean.   North American Tektites   Strewn field (n = 110) Bediasites (n = 30)a Georgianites (n = 10)b Microtektites (n = 41)c Unknown (n = 29)d SiO2 75.42 (4.86) 76.66 (2.25) 81.47 (1.17) 72.74 (5.87) 75.86 (3.43) Al2O3 13.68 (2.26) 13.56 (1.5) 10.74 (0.67) 14.57 (2.76) 13.55 (1.5) FeO 3.74 (1.17) 3.72 (0.75) 2.41 (0.35) 3.97 (1.35) 3.88 (1.17) MgO 1.17 (1.77) 0.66 (0.2) 0.55 (0.09) 1.81 (2.78) 0.99 (0.34) CaO 0.95 (0.66) 0.66 (0.27) 0.49 (0.09) 1.43 (0.83) 0.74 (0.27) K2O 1.26 (0.48) 1.58 (0.21) 1.16 (0.11) 1.24 (0.62) 0.99 (0.33) Na2O 2.56 (0.75) 2.12 (0.44) 2.4 (0.09) 2.66 (0.81) 2.94 (0.82) TiO2 0.7 (0.18) 0.71 (0.17) 0.48 (0.04) 0.75 (0.19) 0.68 (0.16) a Schnetzler, 1952; Miesch et al., 1966; O’keefe, 1993; Chaussidon & Koeberl, 1995; Giuli et al., 2013 b Schnetzler, 1952; Cuttitta et al., 1967; Giuli et al., 2010 c Ngo et al., 1985; Koeberl, 1988a; Glass, 1989; Giuli et al., 2013 d Schnetzler, 1952; Cuttitta et al., 1967; Koeberl, 1988a; Glass, 1989; Giuli et al., 2010, 2013; Magna et al., 2011 Supplemental Table 7 continued. Range of major oxide content of the North American strewn field, subfields, and subgroups. All data in wt %. ‘n’ indicates number of samples used for average. Sources are the same as Supplemental Table 7a.   North American Tektites   Strewn field (n = 110) Bediasites (n = 30) Georgianites (n = 10) Microtektites (n = 41) Unknown (n = 29) SiO2 47.3 - 83.6 71.89 - 81.31 79.8 - 83.6 47.3 - 81.51 67.52 - 82 Al2O3 9.5 - 25.3 10.96 - 17.56 9.5 - 11.72 10.82 - 25.3 10.3 - 16.06 FeO 1.13 - 7.51 2.29 - 5.26 1.82 - 3.09 1.13 - 6.79 2.2 - 7.51 MgO 0.37 - 18.6 0.37 - 1.38 0.42 - 0.68 0.4 - 18.6 0.48 - 1.69 CaO 0.06 - 4.56 0.06 - 1.77 0.39 - 0.63 0.4 - 4.56 0.4 - 1.52 K2O 0.2 - 3.19 1.2 - 2.21 1.02 - 1.4 0.21 - 3.19 0.2 - 1.5 Na2O 0.05 - 4.84 0.78 - 3.52 2.22 - 2.51 0.05 - 4.3 1.7 - 4.84 TiO2 0.06 - 1.44 0.06 - 1.05 0.42 - 0.56 0.4 - 1.44 0.41 - 1.07 Supplemental Table 8. Loadings of major oxides onto principal components (Comp) 1 – 7 for the Principal Component Analysis of the global data. Numbers in parenthesis indicate proportion of explained variance.   Comp.1 (62.70) Comp.2 (19.20) Comp.3 (7.76) Comp.4 (5.63) Comp.5 (2.60) Comp.6 (1.25) Comp.7 (0.84) SiO2 0.232731 0.36228 -0.06236 0.765331 0.204415 -0.15203 -0.18727 Al2O3 0.167653 -0.11518 -0.33626 -0.4228 0.102492 -0.17739 -0.70699 FeO 0.087928 -0.26973 -0.12797 0.00713 -0.42206 -0.66147 0.402986 MgO -0.17395 -0.72745 0.352411 0.281226 0.009372 0.296998 -0.15488 CaO -0.86948 0.279878 -0.19456 -0.02916 -0.02493 0.027427 0.024504 Na2O 0.091756 0.362878 0.785794 -0.32416 0.000588 -0.11041 -0.01265 K2O 0.294841 0.191106 -0.21803 -0.06158 -0.55154 0.61752 0.121217 TiO2 0.168518 -0.08378 -0.19902 -0.21599 0.681665 0.15935 0.513088 Supplemental Table 9. Loadings of major oxides onto principal components (Comp) 1 – 7 for the Principal Component Analysis of the Australasian data. Numbers in parenthesis indicate percentage of explained variance.   Comp.1 (73.31) Comp.2 (12.46) Comp.3 (8.57) Comp.4 (2.28) Comp.5 (1.79) Comp.6 (0.10) Comp.7 (0.06) SiO2 0.253166 0.462517 0.520503 0.422601 -0.08183 0.334353 -0.17024 Al2O3 0.118225 -0.32211 0.028825 -0.39828 -0.34796 0.004021 -0.69045 FeO 0.111123 -0.18209 0.082205 -0.47788 0.383963 0.554246 0.373838 MgO -0.07912 -0.52625 -0.15985 0.588241 0.439896 -0.05187 -0.15499 CaO -0.89973 0.168133 0.143737 -0.07804 -0.08016 -0.04973 0.039668 Na2O 0.091797 0.463873 -0.7985 0.020376 -0.03476 0.100003 -0.04663 K2O 0.244449 0.219687 0.193813 -0.23715 0.352716 -0.7361 0.083261 TiO2 0.160092 -0.28376 -0.01073 0.160129 -0.63186 -0.15493 0.565545