Exploring conceptual framework of the soundscape of Derinkuyu Underground City

Abstract

This research aims to facilitate the experience of the cultural heritage of the ancient Derinkuyu Underground City, one of the largest ancient underground cities in the world, through audio-visual virtual reality (VR) representations of past life in the city; with a focus on defining its acoustics characteristics and soundscape of the past. The objective of this particular study is to define the conceptual framework of the soundscape in the Derinkuyu Underground City based on soundscape standards. The focus is on three spaces: the church used for religious ceremonies; the living area for resting; and the kitchen for food preparation and service. The spatial functions of the church, kitchen, and living spaces were analyzed, sound sources were classified, and the acoustic environment was characterized, considering daily tasks, defining sound sources, establishing reverberation time values by measurements and simulations and describing absorption properties of surfaces. The results showed limitations in describing context due to a lack of literature and historical records. The temporal ambiguity, interconnected spaces, and absence of clear boundaries in Derinkuyu Underground City created a timeless environment where the shared soundscape heightened auditory sensitivity, supporting survival and security needs.