Browsing by Subject "human rights"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Assessing Arms Makers' Corporate Social Responsibility
    (Springer, 2007) Byrne, Edmund F.
    Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a focal point for research aimed at extending business ethics to extra-corporate issues; and as a result many companies now seek to at least appear dedicated to one or another version of CSR. This has not affected the arms industry, however. For this industry has not been discussed in CSR lierature, perhaps because few CSR scholars have questioned this industry's privileged status as an instrument of national sovereignty. But major changes in the organization of political communities call traditional views of sovereignty into question. With these considerations in mind I assess the U.S. arms industryon the basis of CSR requirements regarding the environment, social equity, profitability, and use of political power. I find that this industry fails to meet any of these four CSR requirements. . . . So, I conclude, they should be held responsible for the foreseeable consequences that flow from use of their products, be it via civil liability or responsibility under international human rights standards.
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    Converging Concerns: Feminist Bioethics, Development Theory, and Human Rights
    (University of Chicago Press, 2003) Donchin, Anne
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    How Human Rights Can Build Haiti: The Lawyers, the Activists, and the Grassroots Movement
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2014-04-11) Quigley, Fran
    This book tells the story of a team of Haitian and U.S. human rights advocates who work to bring justice to the poor and reverse the sad legacy of Haitian lawlessness and suffering. These brave activists organize demonstrations at the street level, argue court cases at the international level, and conduct social media and lobbying campaigns across the globe. They are making historic claims and achieving real success as they tackle the Haitian cholera epidemic, post-earthquake housing and rape crises, and the Jean-Claude Duvalier prosecution, among other human rights emergencies in Haiti. Haiti is a haven for suffering. Four out of five Haitians are not formally employed, and most children are not in school. The per capita income is less than $2 per day. Most Haitians do not have access to a clean source of drinking water. Not coincidentally, a late 2010 outbreak of cholera killed almost 8,000 people, sickened a half-million more, and continues to claim victims. The current state of affairs is sad but not surprising. Like efforts to rebuild a house without first ensuring a strong foundation and solid framing, emergency relief and even long-term investment in Haiti is doomed to failure until human rights are respected and the rule of law is in place. History tells us that the only way to transform Haiti’s dismal human rights legacy is through a bottom-up social movement, supported by local and international challenges to the status quo. That recipe for reform mirrors the strategy followed by Haitian human rights attorney Mario Joseph, his U.S. colleague Brian Concannon, and their clients and colleagues profiled in this book. Joseph, Concannon and a growing number of supporters, including human rights experts interviewed for this book, believe that the tipping point for human rights in Haiti can be the grassroots/transnational movement pushing forward the claims of the thousands of Haitian cholera victims. The cholera litigation filed by Joseph and Concannon could force the world’s most influential organization, the United Nations, to embrace the rule of law in deed as well as in name. By recognizing the poorest of Haitians as individuals with enforceable rights, the UN can create a global precedent that will have an impact for generations to come. Together, Joseph, Concannon, and their allies represent Haiti’s best hope to escape the cycle of disaster, corruption, and violence that has characterized the country’s two-hundred year history. At the same time, their efforts are creating a template for a new and more effective human rights–focused strategy to turn around failed states and end global poverty.
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    Human Rights and the Environment in Prisons: A Case Study of Persons Deprived of Liberty in Porto Alegre Central Prison, Brazil, Before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
    (2019-12) Pereira, Daniel Neves
    Human rights and the Environment are in the process of an ongoing approximation that started in the 1972 Stockholm Declaration and had its heyday in 2018 when the Inter-American Court of Human Rights recognized an autonomous right to a healthy environment under the American Convention. The interdependence of both regimes shapes legal effects either of the civil and political rights or economic and social rights. Yet the ongoing approximation between the regime over the years, environmental rights are still neglected in prisons, even when hazards to the environment create poor conditions of detention, affecting life, health, dignity, and welfare of the inmates. This thesis will address the topic of human rights and the environment in prisons, studying the case Persons Deprived of Liberty in Porto Alegre Central Prison, Brazil, before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. The study will focus on the differences of natures between human rights and environmental rights and their effects on the use of the machinery of the Inter-American system of protection of human rights. The objective of this study is to propose a new interpretation of the international human rights documents in the Inter-American system based on the approximation of both regimes and to bring new perspectives to the issues of justiciability and enforceability of the environmental rights in prisons in the regional system.
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    The Human Rights of Children in an Age of Mobility
    (2015) Bravo, Karen; Robert H. McKinley School of Law
    This Essay reviews Jacqueline Bhabha, Child Migration & Human Rights in a Global Age (Princeton, 2014), ISBN 978-0-6911-4360-6, 374 pages. Jacqueline Bhabha offers a rich and thought-provoking analysis of child migration flows, presenting historical and current cases of child migration, applicable legal frameworks, fundamental principles of child human rights, and procedural or administrative instruments that affect child migrations. She discusses movement for family reunification purposes, as refugees seeking sanctuary, as victims of exploitation such as human trafficking and recruitment as child soldiers, and autonomous migration in search of a better live. This Essay identifies and summarizes the key themes of and questions raised by Bhabha, and offers critiques of the volume’s failure to address the structural causes of state inhospitality or to engage with the threat that states perceive from the unsanctioned and unregulated flow of mobile humanity.
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    The Right to Read
    (Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, 2015-09-10) Shaver, Lea; IU McKinney School of Law
    Reading – for education and for pleasure – may be framed as a personal indulgence, a moral virtue, or even a civic duty. What are the implications of framing reading as a human right? Although novel, the rights-based frame finds strong support in international human rights law. The right to read need not be defended as a “new” human right. Rather, it can be located at the intersection of more familiar guarantees. Well-established rights to education, science, culture, and freedom of expression, among others, provide the necessary normative support for recognizing a universal right to read as already implicit in international law. This Article is the first to call for recognition of a right to read. Once recognized in principle, it remains necessary to translate the right to read from a vague ideal into concrete content. As a starting point, the right to read requires that every person be entitled to education for literacy and the liberty to freely choose the reading material they prefer. The right to read also means that everyone must have access to an adequate supply of reading material. Law and policy must be designed to ensure that books, ebooks, and other reading materials are made widely available and affordable – even to the poor and to speakers of minority languages. Reframing reading as a human right ultimately points to a reorientation of copyright law, as well as obligations upon publishers and technology companies to facilitate access for readers of all income levels and in every language. The conceptual elaboration of the right to read also holds lessons for rights theorists and advocates, as an illustration of an “intersectional” approach to human rights scholarship and advocacy.