IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Subject "Renal cell carcinoma"

Browsing by Subject "Renal cell carcinoma"

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A 41-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau and a cerebellar lesion
(Wiley, 2010-03) Martin, Sarah E.; Al-Khatib, Sohaib M.; Turner, Michael S.; Douglas-Akinwande, Annette C.; Hattab, Eyas M.; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
A 41-year-old woman with a 12-year history of von Hippel-Lindau disease presented with progressive quadriparesis and difficulty swallowing. MRI revealed a well-circumscribed, partially cystic cerebellar neoplasm, consistent with hemangioblastoma. The tumor was resected and the diagnosis of hemangioblastoma confirmed. Embedded within the hemangioblastoma was a small focus of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC metastatic to a CNS hemangioblastoma is the second most common type of tumor-to-tumor metastasis, which may be due to a number of factors. Proper immunostaining panels are required to clearly identify these cases since both tumor may have similar histology.
Adoptive Immunotherapy by Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A CALGB Intergroup Phase II Study
(Elsevier, 2006-07-01) Rini, Brian I.; Halabi, Susan; Barrier, Robert; Margolin, Kim A.; Avigan, David; Logan, Theodore; Stadler, Walter M.; McCarthy, Philip L.; Linker, Charles A.; Small, Eric J.; Medicine, School of Medicine
A graft-versus-tumor effect through nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (N-SCT) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been reported. An Intergroup phase II trial was undertaken to define further the feasibility, toxicity and efficacy of this approach in a multi-institutional setting, Patients with cytokine-refractory, metastatic RCC were treated with N-SCT. The conditioning regimen was fludarabine 30 mg · m−2 · d−1 on day (d) −7 through d −3 and cyclophosphamide 60 mg · kg−1 · d−1 on d −4 and d −3. Patients received 2-8 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilized stem cells from a 6/6 HLA-matched sibling donor. Immunosuppression after transplantation included tacrolimus and methotrexate. Twenty-two patients were enrolled at 14 institutions. Greater than 90% donor T-cell chimerism was observed in 17 of 19 evaluable patients (89%) by d +120. No objective response was observed. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was observed in 11 patients (50%). Chronic GVHD was reported in 5 patients (23%). There was 1 patient death from liver failure secondary to chronic GVHD. Regimen-related mortality was 2 of 22 (9%; liver failure, sepsis). Median survival time was 5.5 months (95% confidence interval, 3.9-12.0 months) and the median time to progression was 3.0 months (95% confidence interval, 2.3-4.2 months). N-SCT for metastatic RCC is feasible in a multi-institutional setting. Adequate donor T-cell engraftment was achieved in most patients before disease progression. A graft-versus-tumor effect was not observed in this study despite acute and chronic GVHD, thus highlighting the need for further understanding of this approach. Allogeneic SCT remains investigational in RCC.
Artificial intelligence-based multi-class histopathologic classification of kidney neoplasms
(Elsevier, 2023-02-16) Gondim, Dibson D.; Al-Obaidy, Khaleel I.; Idrees, Muhammad T.; Eble, John N.; Cheng, Liang; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
Artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques are increasingly being explored as an emerging ancillary technique for improving accuracy and reproducibility of histopathological diagnosis. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy responsible for 2% of cancer deaths worldwide. Given that RCC is a heterogenous disease, accurate histopathological classification is essential to separate aggressive subtypes from indolent ones and benign mimickers. There are early promising results using AI for RCC classification to distinguish between 2 and 3 subtypes of RCC. However, it is not clear how an AI-based model designed for multiple subtypes of RCCs, and benign mimickers would perform which is a scenario closer to the real practice of pathology. A computational model was created using 252 whole slide images (WSI) (clear cell RCC: 56, papillary RCC: 81, chromophobe RCC: 51, clear cell papillary RCC: 39, and, metanephric adenoma: 6). 298,071 patches were used to develop the AI-based image classifier. 298,071 patches (350 × 350-pixel) were used to develop the AI-based image classifier. The model was applied to a secondary dataset and demonstrated that 47/55 (85%) WSIs were correctly classified. This computational model showed excellent results except to distinguish clear cell RCC from clear cell papillary RCC. Further validation using multi-institutional large datasets and prospective studies are needed to determine the potential to translation to clinical practice.
Circulating Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Findings and Future Challenges
(Frontiers, 2019-04-05) Santoni, Matteo; Cimadamore, Alessia; Cheng, Liang; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Battelli, Nicola; Massari, Francesco; Scarpelli, Marina; Galosi, Andrea Benedetto; Bracarda, Sergio; Montironi, Rodolfo; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
Clues to Recognition of Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma: Findings From Cytologic and Limited Biopsy Samples
(Wiley, 2018) Shyu, Irene; Mirsadraei, Leili; Wang, Xiaoyan; Robila, Valentina; Mehra, Rohit; McHugh, Jonathan B.; Chen, Ying-Bei; Udager, Aaron M.; Gill, Anthony J.; Cheng, Liang; Amin, Mahul B.; Lin, Oscar; Smith, Steven Christopher; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
Background: Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare and highly aggressive and is believed to arise mostly in the setting of hereditary leiomyomatosis-RCC syndrome with a germline mutation of FH. Because of the aggressiveness of these tumors and a frequent lack of ascertainable family history, these tumors may first present as metastases and be sampled by cytology. The cytologic findings of FH-deficient RCC have not previously been reported. Methods: Cytologic and limited biopsy samples from patients with FH-deficient RCC were reviewed retrospectively. Results: In total, 24 cytologic and limited biopsy samples from 19 patients (6 women and 13 men; age range, 22-69 years) who had FH-deficient RCC and metastasis at presentation were evaluated. These included 21 cytology samples ranging from malignant effusions (n = 7) to metastases (n = 11), to samples of primary kidney tumors (n = 3). The samples exhibited cells, often in clusters and abortive papillae, with voluminous, finely vacuolated cytoplasm and large, pleomorphic nuclei with prominent, viral inclusion-like nucleoli. A distinctive finding of peripheral cytoplasmic clearing frequently was apparent, and intranuclear cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions were less frequent. Of 7 cell block and biopsy samples, several of which represented sampling from the same patient, all demonstrated tissue fragments that had discernable morphologic patterns associated with FH-deficient RCC, including tubulocystic and intracystic papillary growth. Conclusions: Features characteristic and suggestive of FH-deficient RCC may be identified in cytologic and small biopsy samples. Although the current samples were identified retrospectively in well characterized cases of FH-deficient RCC, the authors argue that, with appropriate clinical correlation, these features are sufficiently distinctive to trigger recognition and confirmatory workup.
Computational analysis of pathological images enables a better diagnosis of TFE3 Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma
(Nature Research, 2020) Cheng, Jun; Han, Zhi; Mehra, Rohit; Shao, Wei; Cheng, Michael; Feng, Qianjin; Ni, Dong; Huang, Kun; Cheng, Liang; Zhang, Jie; Medicine, School of Medicine
TFE3 Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) generally progresses more aggressively compared with other RCC subtypes, but it is challenging to diagnose TFE3-RCC by traditional visual inspection of pathological images. In this study, we collect hematoxylin and eosin- stained histopathology whole-slide images of 74 TFE3-RCC cases (the largest cohort to date) and 74 clear cell RCC cases (ccRCC, the most common RCC subtype) with matched gender and tumor grade. An automatic computational pipeline is implemented to extract image features. Comparative study identifies 52 image features with significant differences between TFE3-RCC and ccRCC. Machine learning models are built to distinguish TFE3-RCC from ccRCC. Tests of the classification models on an external validation set reveal high accuracy with areas under ROC curve ranging from 0.842 to 0.894. Our results suggest that automatically derived image features can capture subtle morphological differences between TFE3-RCC and ccRCC and contribute to a potential guideline for TFE3-RCC diagnosis.
Correcting the Shrinkage Effects of Formalin Fixation and Tissue Processing for Renal Tumors: toward Standardization of Pathological Reporting of Tumor Size
(Ivyspring International Publisher, 2015-07-02) Tran, Thu; Sundaram, Chandru P.; Bahler, Clinton D.; Eble, John N.; Gringon, David J.; Monn, M. Francesca; Simper, Novae B.; Cheng, Liang; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IU School of Medicine
Given the importance of correctly staging renal cell carcinomas, specific guidelines should be in place for tumor size measurement. While a standard means of renal tumor measurement has not been established, intuitively, tumor size should be based on fresh measurements. We sought to assess the accuracy of postfixation and microscopic measurements of renal tumor size, as compared to fresh measurements and radiographic size. Thirty-four nephrectomy cases performed by a single surgeon were prospectively measured at different time points. The study cases included 23 clear cell renal cell carcinomas, 6 papillary renal cell carcinomas, and 5 other renal tumors. Radiologic tumors were 12.1% larger in diameter than fresh tumors (P<0.01). Furthermore, fresh specimens were 4.6% larger than formalin-fixed specimens (P<0.01), and postfixation measurements were 7.1% greater than microscopic measurements (P<0.01). The overall mean percentage of shrinkage between fresh and histological specimens was 11.4% (P<0.01). Histological processing would cause a tumor stage shift from pT1b to pT1a for two tumors in this study. The shrinkage effects of formalin fixation and histological processing may result in understaging of renal cell carcinomas. The shrinkage factor should be considered when reporting tumor size.
Data-Independent Acquisition Phosphoproteomics of Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Enables Renal Cell Carcinoma Grade Differentiation
(Elsevier, 2023) Hadisurya, Marco; Lee, Zheng-Chi; Luo, Zhuojun; Zhang, Guiyuan; Ding, Yajie; Zhang, Hao; Iliuk, Anton B.; Pili, Roberto; Boris, Ronald S.; Tao, W. Andy; Urology, School of Medicine
Translating the research capability and knowledge in cancer signaling into clinical settings has been slow and ineffective. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising source for developing disease phosphoprotein markers to monitor disease status. This study focuses on the development of a robust data-independent acquisition (DIA) using mass spectrometry to profile urinary EV phosphoproteomics for renal cell cancer (RCC) grades differentiation. We examined gas-phase fractionated library, direct DIA (library-free), forbidden zones, and several different windowing schemes. After the development of a DIA mass spectrometry method for EV phosphoproteomics, we applied the strategy to identify and quantify urinary EV phosphoproteomes from 57 individuals representing low-grade clear cell RCC, high-grade clear cell RCC, chronic kidney disease, and healthy control individuals. Urinary EVs were efficiently isolated by functional magnetic beads, and EV phosphopeptides were subsequently enriched by PolyMAC. We quantified 2584 unique phosphosites and observed that multiple prominent cancer-related pathways, such as ErbB signaling, renal cell carcinoma, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton, were only upregulated in high-grade clear cell RCC. These results show that EV phosphoproteome analysis utilizing our optimized procedure of EV isolation, phosphopeptide enrichment, and DIA method provides a powerful tool for future clinical applications.
Editorial: Emerging Biomarkers in Genitourinary Tumors
(Frontiers, 2019-04-26) Montironi, Rodolfo; Santoni, Matteo; Cimadamore, Alessia; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Cheng, Liang; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
Emerging Molecular Technologies in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Liquid Biopsy
(MDPI, 2019-02-07) Cimadamore, Alessia; Gasparrini, Silvia; Massari, Francesco; Santoni, Matteo; Cheng, Liang; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Scarpelli, Marina; Montironi, Rodolfo; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IU School of Medicine
Liquid biopsy, based on the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acids has potential applications at multiple points throughout the natural course of cancer, from diagnosis to follow-up. The advantages of doing ctDNA assessment vs. tissue-based genomic profile are the minimal procedural risk, the possibility to serial testing in order to monitor disease-relapse and response to therapy over time and to reduce hospitalization costs during the entire process. However, some critical issues related to ctDNA assays should be taken into consideration. The sensitivity of ctDNA assays depends on the assessment technique and genetic platforms used, on tumor-organ, stage, tumor heterogeneity, tumor clonality. The specificity is usually very high, whereas the concordance with tumor-based biopsy is generally low. In patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), qualitative analyses of ctDNA have been performed with interesting results regarding selective pressure from therapy, therapeutic resistance, exceptional treatment response to everolimus and mutations associated with aggressive behavior. Quantitative analyses showed variations of ccfDNA levels at different tumor stage. Compared to CTC assay, ctDNA is more stable than cells and easier to isolate. Splice variants, information at single-cell level and functional assays along with proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics studies can be performed only in CTCs.

Browsing by Subject "Renal cell carcinoma"

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