Browsing by Subject "Crohn's disease"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Alterations in microRNA expression profiles in inflamed and non-inflamed ascending colon mucosae of patients with active Crohn's disease
    (Wiley, 2017) Wu, Lu Yi; Ma, Xiao Peng; Shi, Yin; Bao, Chun Hui; Jin, Xiao Ming; Lu, Yuan; Zhao, Ji Meng; Zhou, Ci Li; Chen, Dai; Liu, Hui Rong; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, IU School of Medicine
    Background and aims The miRNA expression profiles of the terminal ileum, sigmoid colon, and rectal mucosa of adult patients with active Crohn';s disease (CD) have been previously reported. The purpose of this study was to identify dysregulated miRNAs in the mucosa of the ascending colon. Methods Biopsy tissue samples were taken from the mucosae of inflammatory (iCD) or non-inflammatory (niCD) areas of the ascending colons of adult patients with active CD. miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were detected using microarray analyses. miRNAs and mRNAs demonstrating significant differences were validated via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Luciferase reporter genes were used to measure two miRNAs inhibition of potential target genes in human 293T cells in vitro. Results Compared with the HC group, the ascending colon miRNA expression profiles revealed that 43 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated and 35 were down-regulated in the iCD group. The mRNA expression profiles indicated that 3,370 transcripts were significantly differentially expressed in the ascending colon, with 2169 up-regulated and 1201 down-regulated mRNAs in the iCD group, and only 20 miRNAs demonstrated significant differential expression in the niCD group. In contrast, nearly 100 miRNAs significantly varied between the iCD and niCD groups. Finally, luciferase reporter gene assays showed that hsa-miR-16-1 directly regulated the human C10orf54 gene and that they were negatively correlated. Conclusions Our results indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs were related to immune inflammation and intestinal flora. The data provide preliminary evidence that the occurrence of CD involves the inhibition of C10orf54 expression by hsa-miR-16-1.
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    Can you cause inflammatory bowel disease with fecal transplantation? A 31-patient case-series of fecal transplantation using stool from a donor who later developed Crohn's disease
    (Taylor & Francis, 2017-05-04) Fischer, Monika; Bittar, Mohamad; Papa, Eliseo; Kassam, Zain; Smith, Mark; Medicine, School of Medicine
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    Difference in regional neural fluctuations and functional connectivity in Crohn’s disease: a resting-state functional MRI study
    (Springer, 2018) Bao, Chunhui; Liu, Peng; Liu, Huirong; Jin, Xiaoming; Shi, Yin; Wu, Luyi; Zeng, Xiaoqing; Zhang, Jianye; Wang, Di; Calhoun, Vince D.; Tian, Jie; Wu, Huangan; Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
    Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are shown to have abnormal changes in brain structures. This study aimed to further investigate whether these patients have abnormal brain activities and network connectivity. Sixty patients with CD and 40 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) were used to assess differences in spontaneous regional brain activity and functional connectivity. Compared to the HCs, patients with CD showed significantly higher ALFF values in hippocampus and parahippocampus (HIPP/paraHIPP), anterior cingulate cortex, insula, superior frontal cortex and precuneus. The ALFF values were significantly lower in secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), precentral gyrus, and medial prefrontal cortex. Functional connectivities between left HIPP and left inferior temporal cortex, and right middle cingulate cortex, HIPP, and fusiform area were significantly lower. The functional connectivities between right HIPP and right inferior orbitofrontal cortex and left HIPP were also significantly lower. Patients with CD showed higher or lower spontaneous activity in multiple brain regions. Altered activities in these brain regions may collectively reflect abnormal function and regulation of visceral pain and sensation, external environmental monitoring, and cognitive processing in these patients. Lower functional connectivity of the hippocampus-limbic system was observed in these patients. These findings may provide more information to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms of the disease.
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    Differences in regional homogeneity between patients with Crohn's disease with and without abdominal pain revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2016-05) Bao, Chun-Hui; Liu, Peng; Liu, Hui-Rong; Wu, Lu-Yi; Jin, Xiao-Ming; Wang, Si-Yao; Shi, Yin; Zhang, Jian-Ye; Zeng, Xiao-Qing; Ma, Li-Li; Qin, Wei; Zhao, Ji-Meng; Calhoun, Vince D.; Tian, Jie; Wu, Huan-Gan; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Abnormal pain processing in the central nervous system may be related to abdominal pain in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in resting-state brain activity in patients with CD in remission and its relationship with the presence of abdominal pain. Twenty-five patients with CD and with abdominal pain, 25 patients with CD and without abdominal pain, and 32 healthy subjects were scanned using a 3.0-T functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was used to assess resting-state brain activity. Daily pain scores were collected 1 week before functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that patients with abdominal pain exhibited lower ReHo values in the insula, middle cingulate cortex (MCC), and supplementary motor area and higher ReHo values in the temporal pole. In contrast, patients without abdominal pain exhibited lower ReHo values in the hippocampal/parahippocampal cortex and higher ReHo values in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (all P < 0.05, corrected). The ReHo values of the insula and MCC were significantly negatively correlated with daily pain scores for patients with abdominal pain (r = -0.53, P = 0.008 and r = -0.61, P = 0.002, respectively). These findings suggest that resting-state brain activities are different between remissive patients with CD with and without abdominal pain and that abnormal activities in insula and MCC are closely related to the severity of abdominal pain.
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    Different brain responses to electro-acupuncture and moxibustion treatment in patients with Crohn's disease
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2016-11-18) Bao, Chunhui; Liu, Peng; Liu, Huirong; Jin, Xiaoming; Calhoun, Vince D.; Wu, Luyi; Shi, Yin; Zhang, Jianye; Zeng, Xiaoqing; Ma, Lili; Qin, Wei; Zhang, Jingzhi; Liu, Xiaoming; Tian, Jie; Wu, Huangan; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
    This study aimed to investigate changes in resting state brain activity in remissive Crohn's Disease (CD) patients after electro-acupuncture or moxibustion treatment. Fifty-two CD patients and 36 healthy subjects were enrolled, and 36 patients were equally and randomly assigned to receive either electro-acupuncture or moxibustion treatment for twelve weeks. We used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) levels, and Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) scores to evaluate disease severity and quality of life. The results show that (i) The ReHo levels in CD patients were significantly increased in cortical but decreased in subcortical areas, and the coupling between them was declined. (ii) Both treatments decreased CDAI, increased IBDQ scores, and normalized the ReHo values of the cortical and subcortical regions. (iii) ReHo changes in multiple cortical regions were significantly correlated with CDAI score decreases. ReHo changes in several subcortical regions in the electro-acupuncture group, and those of several cortical regions in the moxibustion group, were correlated with reduced CDAI. These findings suggest that both treatments improved cortex-subcortical coupling in remissive CD patients, but electro-acupuncture regulated homeostatic afferent processing network, while moxibustion mainly regulated the default mode network of the brain.
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    IgA Nephropathy in the Setting of Anti-TNF-α Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2020-09-01) Strobel, Thomas; Ahmed, Waseem; De la Sancha, Carlo; Bohm, Matthew; Fischer, Monika; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-inhibiting agents are a standard therapy for moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IgA nephropathy in the setting of prolonged exposure to TNF-α inhibitors is a rare, clinically significant adverse event often overlooked by gastroenterologists but well documented in the rheumatologic literature. We present a case series of 3 patients with IBD on TNF-α inhibitors who developed biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy. Clinicians prescribing TNF-α inhibitors to patients with IBD need to be aware of this potential side effect. Therapies with alternative mechanisms of action should instead be considered.
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    Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome of the vulva
    (Elsevier, 2022-07-12) Aukerman, Erica; List, Mary; Avashia-Khemka, Nidhi; Dermatology, School of Medicine
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    Predictors of Surgery in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Crohn's Disease Patients
    (Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, 2016-03) Parker, Damien; Karmazyn, Boaz; Steiner, Steven J.; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    Objectives: To assess whether small bowel imaging conducted at the time of diagnosis could be used as a predictor of small bowel surgical intervention in a pediatric Crohn's disease patient population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of small bowel imaging within 30 days of diagnosis of pediatric Crohn's disease was conducted. Patients were divide into two groups based on small bowel imaging: those with no or minor abnormalities (71%) and those with more extensive or obstructive abnormalities (29%). Medical records were reviewed for small bowel surgical intervention and clinic follow-up visits. Results: 232 patients were included in the study group (average age at diagnosis 11.7 years). Twenty-seven patients (12%) underwent small bowel surgical intervention. The relative risk for small bowel surgical intervention was 2.91 in the group with more extensive imaging abnormalities. The majority of increased surgical risk occurred in the first year after diagnosis, when the normal-minor group had a 2% surgical risk and the more abnormal group had a 17% surgical risk. Both groups had a 2-3% surgical risk per year after the first year. Conclusions: Small bowel imaging at the time of diagnosis in pediatric Crohn's disease can help predict the risk of small bowel surgical intervention, and should be recommended for all newly diagnosed patients. Nearly one-third of our cohort underwent small bowel surgical intervention through eight years of follow-up. Surgical complications of Crohn's disease often occur in the small bowel, and counseling families about surgical risk is an integral part of pediatric Crohn's disease management.