Browsing by Subject "Brain neoplasms"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A 41-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau and a cerebellar lesion
    (Wiley, 2010-03) Martin, Sarah E.; Al-Khatib, Sohaib M.; Turner, Michael S.; Douglas-Akinwande, Annette C.; Hattab, Eyas M.; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    A 41-year-old woman with a 12-year history of von Hippel-Lindau disease presented with progressive quadriparesis and difficulty swallowing. MRI revealed a well-circumscribed, partially cystic cerebellar neoplasm, consistent with hemangioblastoma. The tumor was resected and the diagnosis of hemangioblastoma confirmed. Embedded within the hemangioblastoma was a small focus of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC metastatic to a CNS hemangioblastoma is the second most common type of tumor-to-tumor metastasis, which may be due to a number of factors. Proper immunostaining panels are required to clearly identify these cases since both tumor may have similar histology.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A large open access dataset of brain metastasis 3D segmentations on MRI with clinical and imaging information
    (Springer Nature, 2024-02-29) Ramakrishnan, Divya; Jekel, Leon; Chadha, Saahil; Janas, Anastasia; Moy, Harrison; Maleki, Nazanin; Sala, Matthew; Kaur, Manpreet; Cassinelli Petersen, Gabriel; Merkaj, Sara; von Reppert, Marc; Baid, Ujjwal; Bakas, Spyridon; Kirsch, Claudia; Davis, Melissa; Bousabarah, Khaled; Holler, Wolfgang; Lin, MingDe; Westerhoff, Malte; Aneja, Sanjay; Memon, Fatima; Aboian, Mariam S.; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    Resection and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) are standard treatments for brain metastases (BM) but are associated with cognitive side effects. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) uses a targeted approach with less side effects than WBRT. SRS requires precise identification and delineation of BM. While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been developed for this, their clinical adoption is limited due to poor model performance in the clinical setting. The limitations of algorithms are often due to the quality of datasets used for training the AI network. The purpose of this study was to create a large, heterogenous, annotated BM dataset for training and validation of AI models. We present a BM dataset of 200 patients with pretreatment T1, T1 post-contrast, T2, and FLAIR MR images. The dataset includes contrast-enhancing and necrotic 3D segmentations on T1 post-contrast and peritumoral edema 3D segmentations on FLAIR. Our dataset contains 975 contrast-enhancing lesions, many of which are sub centimeter, along with clinical and imaging information. We used a streamlined approach to database-building through a PACS-integrated segmentation workflow.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Cushing's ulcer: Further reflections
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2015-04) Kemp, William J.; Bashir, Asif; Dababneh, Haitham; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A.; Department of Neurological Surgery, IU School of Medicine
    BACKGROUND: Brain tumors, traumatic head injury, and other intracranial processes including infections, can cause increased intracranial pressure and lead to overstimulation of the vagus nerve. As a result, increased secretion of gastric acid may occur which leads to gastro-duodenal ulcer formation known as Cushing's ulcer. METHODS: A review of original records of Dr. Harvey Cushing's patients suffering from gastro-duodenal ulcers was performed followed by a discussion of the available literature. We also reviewed the clinical records of the patients never reported by Cushing to gain his perspective in describing this phenomenon. Dr. Cushing was intrigued to investigate gastro-duodenal ulcers as he lost patients to acute gastrointestinal perforations following successful brain tumor operations. It is indeed ironic that Harvey Cushing developed a gastro-duodenal ulcer in his later years with failing health. RESULTS: Clinically shown by Cushing's Yale Registry, a tumor or lesion can disrupt this circuitry, leading to gastroduodenal ulceration. Cushing said that it was "reasonable to believe that the perforations following posterior fossa cerebellar operations were produced in like fashion by an irritative disturbance either of fiber tracts or vagal centers in the brain stem." CONCLUSION: Harvey Cushing's pioneering work depicted in his Yale registry serves as a milestone for continuing research that can further discern this pathway.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Food Is Love: Partnering With Families to Provide Nourishment at the End of Life
    (American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2020-06-01) Kaye, Erica C.; Kegel, Anna; Weber, Madeline; Cartwright, Carla; Spraker-Perlman, Holly; Robinson, Giles W.; Baker, Justin N.; Surgery, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
    (American Society of Neuroradiology, 1995) George, Joseph C.; Edwards, Mary K.; Jakacki, Regina I.; Kho-Duffin, Jennie; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    We present a case of malignant melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy arising in the skull and secondarily invading brain. The central tumor was hyperintense to brain on T1-weighted images and hypointense to brain on T2-weighted images. This appearance corresponded to the surgical and histologic findings of melanin-containing tumor.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Modern approaches to the management of brain metastases: embracing a multi-modal paradigm
    (AME, 2022) Vellayappan, Balamurugan; Knisely, Jonathan P. S.; Lo, Simon S.; Shiue, Kevin; Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Previously Unreported Somatic Variants in Two Patients with Pleuropulmonary Blastoma with Metastatic Brain Recurrence
    (Wiley, 2021) Ferguson, Michael J.; Ivanovich, Jennifer; Stansell, Paige; Vik, Terry A.; Helvie, Amy E.; Schmitt, Morgan R.; Schultz, Kris Ann; Dehner, Louis P.; Renbarger, Jamie L.; Marshall, Mark A.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Revisiting germinal matrix and ventricular lining cells in cerebrospinal fluid: Potential mimickers of intracranial malignancy
    (Wiley, 2021-03) Wysozan, Timothy R.; Gulati, Rohit; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Single-cell sequencing reveals the landscape of the human brain metastatic microenvironment
    (Springer Nature, 2023-07-21) Song, Qianqian; Ruiz, Jimmy; Xing, Fei; Lo, Hui-Wen; Craddock, Lou; Pullikuth, Ashok K.; Miller, Lance D.; Soike, Michael H.; O’Neill, Stacey S.; Watabe, Kounosuke; Chan, Michael D.; Su, Jing; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine
    Brain metastases is the most common intracranial tumor and account for approximately 20% of all systematic cancer cases. It is a leading cause of death in advanced-stage cancer, resulting in a five-year overall survival rate below 10%. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify effective biomarkers that can support frequent surveillance and promote efficient drug guidance in brain metastasis. Recently, the remarkable breakthroughs in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have advanced our insights into the tumor microenvironment (TME) at single-cell resolution, which offers the potential to unravel the metastasis-related cellular crosstalk and provides the potential for improving therapeutic effects mediated by multifaceted cellular interactions within TME. In this study, we have applied scRNA-seq and profiled 10,896 cells collected from five brain tumor tissue samples originating from breast and lung cancers. Our analysis reveals the presence of various intratumoral components, including tumor cells, fibroblasts, myeloid cells, stromal cells expressing neural stem cell markers, as well as minor populations of oligodendrocytes and T cells. Interestingly, distinct cellular compositions are observed across different samples, indicating the influence of diverse cellular interactions on the infiltration patterns within the TME. Importantly, we identify tumor-associated fibroblasts in both our in-house dataset and external scRNA-seq datasets. These fibroblasts exhibit high expression of type I collagen genes, dominate cell-cell interactions within the TME via the type I collagen signaling axis, and facilitate the remodeling of the TME to a collagen-I-rich extracellular matrix similar to the original TME at primary sites. Additionally, we observe M1 activation in native microglial cells and infiltrated macrophages, which may contribute to a proinflammatory TME and the upregulation of collagen type I expression in fibroblasts. Furthermore, tumor cell-specific receptors exhibit a significant association with patient survival in both brain metastasis and native glioblastoma cases. Taken together, our comprehensive analyses identify type I collagen-secreting tumor-associated fibroblasts as key mediators in metastatic brain tumors and uncover tumor receptors that are potentially associated with patient survival. These discoveries provide potential biomarkers for effective therapeutic targets and intervention strategies.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Targeting UDP-α-D-glucose 6-dehydrogenase inhibits glioblastoma growth and migration
    (Springer Nature, 2018-05) Oyinlade, Olutobi; Wei, Shuang; Lai, Bachchu; Laterra, John; Zhu, Heng; Goodwin, C. Rory; Wang, Shuyan; Ma, Ding; Wan, Jun; Xia, Shuli; Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine
    UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) produces UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid, the precursors for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix. Elevated GAG formation has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including glioblastoma (GBM). In our previous study, we found that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) promotes GBM cell migration by binding to methylated DNA, mainly methylated CpGs (mCpG) and transactivating gene expression. We identified UDGH as one of the downstream targets of KLF4-mCpG binding activity. In this study, we show that KLF4 upregulates UGDH expression in a mCpG-dependent manner, and UGDH is required for KLF4-induced cell migration in vitro. UGDH knockdown decreases GAG abundance in GBM cells, as well as cell proliferation and migration in vitro. In intracranial xenografts, reduced UGDH inhibits tumor growth and migration, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of extracellular matrix proteins such as tenascin C, brevican. Our studies demonstrate a novel DNA methylation-dependent UGDH upregulation by KLF4. Developing UGDH antagonists to decrease the synthesis of extracellular matrix components will be a useful strategy for GBM therapy.