Browsing by Author "Sakoda, Lori C."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Association of Body Mass Index With Colorectal Cancer Risk by Genome-Wide Variants
    (Oxford University Press, 2021) Campbell, Peter T.; Lin, Yi; Bien, Stephanie A.; Figueiredo, Jane C.; Harrison, Tabitha A.; Guinter, Mark A.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Brenner, Hermann; Chan, Andrew T.; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Gallinger, Steven J.; Gapstur, Susan M.; Giles, Graham G.; Giovannucci, Edward; Gruber, Stephen B.; Gunter, Marc; Hoffmeister, Michael; Jacobs, Eric J.; Jenkins, Mark A.; Marchand, Loic Le; Li, Li; McLaughlin, John R.; Murphy, Neil; Milne, Roger L.; Newcomb, Polly A.; Newton, Christina; Ogino, Shuji; Potter, John D.; Rennert, Gad; Rennert, Hedy S.; Robinson, Jennifer; Sakoda, Lori C.; Slattery, Martha L.; Song, Yiqing; White, Emily; Woods, Michael O.; Casey, Graham; Hsu, Li; Peters, Ulrike; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    Background: Body mass index (BMI) is a complex phenotype that may interact with genetic variants to influence colorectal cancer risk. Methods: We tested multiplicative statistical interactions between BMI (per 5 kg/m2) and approximately 2.7 million single nucleotide polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk among 14 059 colorectal cancer case (53.2% women) and 14 416 control (53.8% women) participants. All analyses were stratified by sex a priori. Statistical methods included 2-step (ie, Cocktail method) and single-step (ie, case-control logistic regression and a joint 2-degree of freedom test) procedures. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Each 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with higher risks of colorectal cancer, less so for women (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.11 to 1.18; P = 9.75 × 10-17) than for men (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.32; P = 2.13 × 10-24). The 2-step Cocktail method identified an interaction for women, but not men, between BMI and a SMAD7 intronic variant at 18q21.1 (rs4939827; Pobserved = .0009; Pthreshold = .005). A joint 2-degree of freedom test was consistent with this finding for women (joint P = 2.43 × 10-10). Each 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was more strongly associated with colorectal cancer risk for women with the rs4939827-CC genotype (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.16 to 1.32; P = 2.60 × 10-10) than for women with the CT (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.19; P = 1.04 × 10-8) or TT (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.14; P = .02) genotypes. Conclusion: These results provide novel insights on a potential mechanism through which a SMAD7 variant, previously identified as a susceptibility locus for colorectal cancer, and BMI may influence colorectal cancer risk for women.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Beyond GWAS of Colorectal Cancer: Evidence of Interaction with Alcohol Consumption and Putative Causal Variant for the 10q24.2 Region
    (American Association for Cancer Research, 2022) Jordahl, Kristina M.; Shcherbina, Anna; Kim, Andre E.; Su, Yu-Ru; Lin, Yi; Wang, Jun; Qu, Conghui; Albanes, Demetrius; Arndt, Volker; Baurley, James W.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Bien, Stephanie A.; Bishop, D. Timothy; Bouras, Emmanouil; Brenner, Hermann; Buchanan, Daniel D.; Budiarto, Arif; Campbell, Peter T.; Carreras-Torres, Robert; Casey, Graham; Cenggoro, Tjeng Wawan; Chan, Andrew T.; Conti, David V.; Dampier, Christopher H.; Devall, Matthew A.; Díez-Obrero, Virginia; Dimou, Niki; Drew, David A.; Figueiredo, Jane C.; Gallinger, Steven; Giles, Graham G.; Gruber, Stephen B.; Gsur, Andrea; Gunter, Marc J.; Hampel, Heather; Harlid, Sophia; Harrison, Tabitha A.; Hidaka, Akihisa; Hoffmeister, Michael; Huyghe, Jeroen R.; Jenkins, Mark A.; Joshi, Amit D.; Keku, Temitope O.; Larsson, Susanna C.; Le Marchand, Loic; Lewinger, Juan Pablo; Li, Li; Mahesworo, Bharuno; Moreno, Victor; Morrison, John L.; Murphy, Neil; Nan, Hongmei; Nassir, Rami; Newcomb, Polly A.; Obón-Santacana, Mireia; Ogino, Shuji; Ose, Jennifer; Pai, Rish K.; Palmer, Julie R.; Papadimitriou, Nikos; Pardamean, Bens; Peoples, Anita R.; Pharoah, Paul D. P.; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Potter, John D.; Prentice, Ross L.; Rennert, Gad; Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward; Sakoda, Lori C.; Scacheri, Peter C.; Schmit, Stephanie L.; Schoen, Robert E.; Slattery, Martha L.; Stern, Mariana C.; Tangen, Catherine M.; Thibodeau, Stephen N.; Thomas, Duncan C.; Tian, Yu; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Ulrich, Cornelia M.; van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.; Van Guelpen, Bethany; Visvanathan, Kala; Vodicka, Pavel; White, Emily; Wolk, Alicja; Woods, Michael O.; Wu, Anna H.; Zemlianskaia, Natalia; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Gauderman, W. James; Hsu, Li; Kundaje, Anshul; Peters, Ulrike; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    Background: Currently known associations between common genetic variants and colorectal cancer explain less than half of its heritability of 25%. As alcohol consumption has a J-shape association with colorectal cancer risk, nondrinking and heavy drinking are both risk factors for colorectal cancer. Methods: Individual-level data was pooled from the Colon Cancer Family Registry, Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study, and Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium to compare nondrinkers (≤1 g/day) and heavy drinkers (>28 g/day) with light-to-moderate drinkers (1-28 g/day) in GxE analyses. To improve power, we implemented joint 2df and 3df tests and a novel two-step method that modifies the weighted hypothesis testing framework. We prioritized putative causal variants by predicting allelic effects using support vector machine models. Results: For nondrinking as compared with light-to-moderate drinking, the hybrid two-step approach identified 13 significant SNPs with pairwise r2 > 0.9 in the 10q24.2/COX15 region. When stratified by alcohol intake, the A allele of lead SNP rs2300985 has a dose-response increase in risk of colorectal cancer as compared with the G allele in light-to-moderate drinkers [OR for GA genotype = 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.17; OR for AA genotype = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.31], but not in nondrinkers or heavy drinkers. Among the correlated candidate SNPs in the 10q24.2/COX15 region, rs1318920 was predicted to disrupt an HNF4 transcription factor binding motif. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the association with colorectal cancer in 10q24.2/COX15 observed in genome-wide association study is strongest in nondrinkers. We also identified rs1318920 as the putative causal regulatory variant for the region. Impact: The study identifies multifaceted evidence of a possible functional effect for rs1318920.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Genetically predicted circulating concentrations of micronutrients and risk of colorectal cancer among individuals of European descent: a Mendelian randomization study
    (Elsevier, 2021) Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Papadimitriou, Nikos; Dimou, Niki; Gill, Dipender; Lewis, Sarah J.; Martin, Richard M.; Murphy, Neil; Markozannes, Georgios; Zuber, Verena; Cross, Amanda J.; Burrows, Kimberley; Lopez, David S.; Key, Timothy J.; Travis, Ruth C.; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Hunter, David J.; van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J. B.; Albanes, Demetrius; Arndt, Volker; Berndt, Sonja I.; Bézieau, Stéphane; Bishop, D. Timothy; Boehm, Juergen; Brenner, Hermann; Burnett-Hartman, Andrea; Campbell, Peter T.; Casey, Graham; Castellví-Bel, Sergi; Chan, Andrew T.; Chang-Claude, Jenny; de la Chapelle, Albert; Figueiredo, Jane C.; Gallinger, Steven J.; Giles, Graham G.; Goodman, Phyllis J.; Gsur, Andrea; Hampe, Jochen; Hampel, Heather; Hoffmeister, Michael; Jenkins, Mark A.; Keku, Temitope O.; Kweon, Sun-Seog; Larsson, Susanna C.; Le Marchand, Loic; Li, Christopher I.; Li, Li; Lindblom, Annika; Martín, Vicente; Milne, Roger L.; Moreno, Victor; Nan, Hongmei; Nassir, Rami; Newcomb, Polly A.; Offit, Kenneth; Pharoah, Paul D. P.; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Potter, John D.; Qi, Lihong; Rennert, Gad; Sakoda, Lori C.; Schafmayer, Clemens; Slattery, Martha L.; Snetselaar, Linda; Schenk, Jeanette; Thibodeau, Stephen N.; Ulrich, Cornelia M.; Van Guelpen, Bethany; Harlid, Sophia; Visvanathan, Kala; Vodickova, Ludmila; Wang, Hansong; White, Emily; Wolk, Alicja; Woods, Michael O.; Wu, Anna H.; Zheng, Wei; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Hughes, David J.; Jakszyn, Paula; Kühn, Tilman; Palli, Domenico; Riboli, Elio; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Banbury, Barbara L.; Gruber, Stephen B.; Peters, Ulrike; Gunter, Marc J.; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    Background: The literature on associations of circulating concentrations of minerals and vitamins with risk of colorectal cancer is limited and inconsistent. Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to support the efficacy of dietary modification or nutrient supplementation for colorectal cancer prevention is also limited. Objectives: To complement observational and RCT findings, we investigated associations of genetically predicted concentrations of 11 micronutrients (β-carotene, calcium, copper, folate, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and zinc) with colorectal cancer risk using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Two-sample MR was conducted using 58,221 individuals with colorectal cancer and 67,694 controls from the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Colorectal Cancer Transdisciplinary Study, and Colon Cancer Family Registry. Inverse variance-weighted MR analyses were performed with sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of potential violations of MR assumptions. Results: Nominally significant associations were noted for genetically predicted iron concentration and higher risk of colon cancer [ORs per SD (ORSD): 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.17; P value = 0.05] and similarly for proximal colon cancer, and for vitamin B-12 concentration and higher risk of colorectal cancer (ORSD: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.21; P value = 0.01) and similarly for colon cancer. A nominally significant association was also noted for genetically predicted selenium concentration and lower risk of colon cancer (ORSD: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.00; P value = 0.05) and similarly for distal colon cancer. These associations were robust to sensitivity analyses. Nominally significant inverse associations were observed for zinc and risk of colorectal and distal colon cancers, but sensitivity analyses could not be performed. None of these findings survived correction for multiple testing. Genetically predicted concentrations of β-carotene, calcium, copper, folate, magnesium, phosphorus, and vitamin B-6 were not associated with disease risk. Conclusions: These results suggest possible causal associations of circulating iron and vitamin B-12 (positively) and selenium (inversely) with risk of colon cancer.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Genome-Wide Interaction Analysis of Genetic Variants With Menopausal Hormone Therapy for Colorectal Cancer Risk
    (Oxford, 2022) Tian, Yu; Kim, Andre E.; Bien, Stephanie A.; Lin, Yi; Qu, Conghui; Harrison, Tabitha A.; Carreras-Torres, Robert; Díez-Obrero, Virginia; Dimou, Niki; Drew , David A.; Hidaka, Akihisa; Huyghe, Jeroen R.; Jordahl, Kristina M.; Morrison , John; Murphy, Neil; Obón-Santacana, Mireia; Ulrich, Cornelia M.; Ose, Jennifer; Peoples, Anita R.; Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A.; Shcherbina, Anna; Stern , Mariana C.; Su, Yu-Ru; van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.; Arndt, Volker; Baurley, James W.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Bishop, D. Timothy; Brenner, Hermann; Buchanan, Daniel D.; Chan, Andrew T.; Figueiredo, Jane C.; Gallinger, Steven; Gruber, Stephen B.; Harlid, Sophia; Hoffmeister, Michael; Jenkins, Mark A.; Joshi, Amit D.; Keku, Temitope O.; Larsson, Susanna C.; Marchand, Loic Le; Li, Li; Giles, Graham G.; Milne, Roger L.; Nan, Hongmei; Nassir, Rami; Ogino, Shuji; Budiarto, Arif; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Potter, John D.; Prentice, Ross L.; Rennert, Gad; Sakoda, Lori C.; Schoen, Robert E.; Slattery, Martha L.; Thibodeau, Stephen N.; Van Guelpen, Bethany; Visvanathan, Kala; White, Emily; Wolk, Alicja; Woods, Michael O.; Wu, Anna H.; Campbell, Peter T.; Casey, Graham; Conti, David V.; Gunter, Marc J.; Kundaje, Anshul; Lewinger, Juan Pablo; Moreno, Victor; Newcomb, Polly A.; Pardamean, Bens; Thomas, Duncan C.; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Peters, Ulrike; Gauderman, W. James; Hsu, Li; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Global Health, School of Public Health
    Background: The use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) may interact with genetic variants to influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide, gene-environment interaction between single nucleotide polymorphisms and the use of any MHT, estrogen only, and combined estrogen-progestogen therapy with CRC risk, among 28 486 postmenopausal women (11 519 CRC patients and 16 967 participants without CRC) from 38 studies, using logistic regression, 2-step method, and 2– or 3–degree-of-freedom joint test. A set-based score test was applied for rare genetic variants. Results: The use of any MHT, estrogen only and estrogen-progestogen were associated with a reduced CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.78; OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.53 to 0.79; and OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59 to 0.90, respectively). The 2-step method identified a statistically significant interaction between a GRIN2B variant rs117868593 and MHT use, whereby MHT-associated CRC risk was statistically significantly reduced in women with the GG genotype (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.72) but not within strata of GC or CC genotypes. A statistically significant interaction between a DCBLD1 intronic variant at 6q22.1 (rs10782186) and MHT use was identified by the 2–degree-of-freedom joint test. The MHT-associated CRC risk was reduced with increasing number of rs10782186-C alleles, showing odds ratios of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.70 to 0.87) for TT, 0.68 (95% CI = 0.63 to 0.73) for TC, and 0.66 (95% CI = 0.60 to 0.74) for CC genotypes. In addition, 5 genes in rare variant analysis showed suggestive interactions with MHT (2-sided P < 1.2 × 10−4). Conclusion: Genetic variants that modify the association between MHT and CRC risk were identified, offering new insights into pathways of CRC carcinogenesis and potential mechanisms involved.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Interactions between folate intake and genetic predictors of gene expression levels associated with colorectal cancer risk
    (Springer, 2022-11-07) Haas, Cameron B.; Su, Yu-Ru; Petersen, Paneen; Wang, Xiaoliang; Bien, Stephanie A.; Lin, Yi; Albanes, Demetrius; Weinstein, Stephanie J.; Jenkins, Mark A.; Figueiredo, Jane C.; Newcomb, Polly A.; Casey, Graham; Marchand, Loic Le; Campbell, Peter T.; Moreno, Victor; Potter, John D.; Sakoda, Lori C.; Slattery, Martha L.; Chan, Andrew T.; Li, Li; Giles, Graham G.; Milne, Roger L.; Gruber, Stephen B.; Rennert, Gad; Woods, Michael O.; Gallinger, Steven J.; Berndt, Sonja; Hayes, Richard B.; Huang, Wen-Yi; Wolk, Alicja; White, Emily; Nan, Hongmei; Nassir, Rami; Lindor, Noralane M.; Lewinger, Juan P.; Kim, Andre E.; Conti, David; Gauderman, W. James; Buchanan, Daniel D.; Peters, Ulrike; Hsu , Li; Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Observational studies have shown higher folate consumption to be associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Understanding whether and how genetic risk factors interact with folate could further elucidate the underlying mechanism. Aggregating functionally relevant genetic variants in set-based variant testing has higher power to detect gene-environment (G × E) interactions and may provide information on the underlying biological pathway. We investigated interactions between folate consumption and predicted gene expression on colorectal cancer risk across the genome. We used variant weights from the PrediXcan models of colon tissue-specific gene expression as a priori variant information for a set-based G × E approach. We harmonized total folate intake (mcg/day) based on dietary intake and supplemental use across cohort and case-control studies and calculated sex and study specific quantiles. Analyses were performed using a mixed effects score tests for interactions between folate and genetically predicted expression of 4839 genes with available genetically predicted expression. We pooled results across 23 studies for a total of 13,498 cases with colorectal tumors and 13,918 controls of European ancestry. We used a false discovery rate of 0.2 to identify genes with suggestive evidence of an interaction. We found suggestive evidence of interaction with folate intake on CRC risk for genes including glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 1 (GSTA1; p = 4.3E-4), Tonsuko Like, DNA Repair Protein (TONSL; p = 4.3E-4), and Aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA: p = 4.5E-4). We identified three genes involved in preventing or repairing DNA damage that may interact with folate consumption to alter CRC risk. Glutathione is an antioxidant, preventing cellular damage and is a downstream metabolite of homocysteine and metabolized by GSTA1. TONSL is part of a complex that functions in the recovery of double strand breaks and AGA plays a role in lysosomal breakdown of glycoprotein.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Smoking Behavior and Prognosis After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis: A Pooled Analysis of 11 Studies
    (Oxford University Press, 2021-08-31) Alwers, Elizabeth; Carr, Prudence R.; Banbury, Barbara; Walter, Viola; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Jansen, Lina; Drew, David A.; Giovannucci, Edward; Nan, Hongmei; Berndt, Sonja I.; Huang, Wen-Yi; Prizment, Anna; Hayes, Richard B.; Sakoda, Lori C.; White, Emily; Labadie, Julia; Slattery, Martha; Schoen, Robert E.; Diergaarde, Brenda; van Guelpen, Bethany; Campbell, Peter T.; Peters, Ulrike; Chan, Andrew T.; Newcomb, Polly A.; Hoffmeister, Michael; Brenner, Hermann; Global Health, School of Public Health
    Background: Smoking has been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in previous studies, but current evidence on smoking in association with survival after CRC diagnosis is limited. Methods: We pooled data from 12 345 patients with stage I-IV CRC from 11 epidemiologic studies in the International Survival Analysis in Colorectal Cancer Consortium. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the associations of prediagnostic smoking behavior with overall, CRC-specific, and non-CRC-specific survival. Results: Among 12 345 patients with CRC, 4379 (35.5%) died (2515 from CRC) over a median follow-up time of 7.5 years. Smoking was strongly associated with worse survival in stage I-III patients, whereas no association was observed among stage IV patients. Among stage I-III patients, clear dose-response relationships with all survival outcomes were seen for current smokers. For example, current smokers with 40 or more pack-years had statistically significantly worse overall, CRC-specific, and non-CRC-specific survival compared with never smokers (hazard ratio [HR] =1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.68 to 2.25; HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.78; and HR = 2.67, 95% CI = 2.19 to 3.26, respectively). Similar associations with all survival outcomes were observed for former smokers who had quit for less than 10 years, but only a weak association with non-CRC-specific survival was seen among former smokers who had quit for more than 10 years. Conclusions: This large consortium of CRC patient studies provides compelling evidence that smoking is strongly associated with worse survival of stage I-III CRC patients in a clear dose-response manner. The detrimental effect of smoking was primarily related to noncolorectal cancer events, but current heavy smoking also showed an association with CRC-specific survival.