Browsing by Author "Sah, Ranjit"
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Item Genomic Epidemiology and Recent Update on Nucleic Acid–Based Diagnostics for COVID-19(Springer, 2020) Rabaan, Ali A.; Al-Ahmed, Shamsah H.; Sah, Ranjit; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Haque, Shafiul; Harapan, Harapan; Arteaga-Livias, Kovy; Aldana, D. Katterine Bonilla; Kumar, Pawan; Dhama, Kuldeep; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Medicine, School of MedicinePurpose of the Review The SARS-CoV-2 genome has been sequenced and the data is made available in the public domain. Molecular epidemiological investigators have utilized this information to elucidate the origin, mode of transmission, and contact tracing of SARS-CoV-2. The present review aims to highlight the recent advancements in the molecular epidemiological studies along with updating recent advancements in the molecular (nucleic acid based) diagnostics for COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Recent Findings Epidemiological studies with the integration of molecular genetics principles and tools are now mainly focused on the elucidation of molecular pathology of COVID-19. Molecular epidemiological studies have discovered the mutability of SARS-CoV-2 which is of utmost importance for the development of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. The whole world is now participating in the race for development of better and rapid diagnostics and therapeutics for COVID-19. Several molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed for accurate and precise diagnosis of COVID-19. Summary Novel genomic techniques have helped in the understanding of the disease pathology, origin, and spread of COVID-19. The whole genome sequence established in the initial days of the outbreak has enabled to identify the virus taxonomy. Several rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods have been developed; those are based on the principle of detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids in clinical samples. Most of these molecular diagnostics are based on RT-PCR principle.Item Global Mpox outbreak: Are we prepared for emerging strains?(Elsevier, 2024-08-23) Sah, Ranjit; Srivastava, Shriyansh; Mehta, Rachana; Kumar, Sachin; Sah, Sanjit; Mohanty, Aroop; Feehan , Jack; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Apostolopoulos, Vasso; Medicine, School of MedicineItem Human monkeypox disease (MPX)(Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salern, 2022-09-01) Farahat, Ramadan Abdelmoez; Sah, Ranjit; El-Sakka, Amro A.; Benmelouka, Amira Yasmine; Kundu, Mrinmoy; Labieb, Fatma; Shaheen, Rahma Sameh; Abdelaal, Abdelaziz; Abdelazeem, Basel; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Franco-Paredes, Carlos; Henao-Martinez, Andres F.; Garout, Mohammed A.; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Pachar, Monica; Suárez, José Antonio; Ramirez, Juan David; Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto; Rabaan, Ali A.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Nishiura, Hiroshi; Ortiz-Martínez, Yeimer; Garcia-Robledo, Juan Esteban; Cimerman, Sergio; Barbosa, Alexandre Naime; Pagliano, Pasquale; Zambrano-Sanchez, Gabriela; Cardona-Ospina, Jaime A.; Bížová, Beatrice; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Medicine, School of MedicineMonkeypox is a rare viral infection, endemic in many central and western African countries. The last international outbreak of monkeypox reported outside Africa occurred back in 2003. However, monkeypox has reemerged at a global scale with numerous confirmed cases across the globe in 2022. The rapid spread of cases through different countries has raised serious concerns among public health officials worldwide prompting accelerated investigations aimed to identify the origins and cause of the rapid expansion of cases. The current situation is reminiscent of the very early stages of the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Overlapping features between these, two seemingly alike viral entities include the possibility for airborne transmission and the currently unexplained and rapid spread across borders. Early recognition of cases and timely intervention of potential transmission chains are necessary to contain further outbreaks. Measures should include rapid and accurate diagnosis of cases meeting case definitions, active surveillance efforts, and appropriate containment of confirmed cases. Governments and health policymakers must apply lessons learned from previous outbreaks and start taking active steps toward limiting the recent global spread of monkeypox. Herein, we discuss the status of the current monkeypox outbreaks worldwide, the epidemiological and public health situation at a global scale and what can be done to keep at bay its further expansion and future global implications.Item Mpox-associated myopericarditis(Elsevier, 2023-01-18) Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Sah, Ranjit; Altawfiq, Kauthar J.; Pan, Qiuwei; Medicine, School of MedicineItem New antibiotics targeting Gram-negative bacilli(Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 2025-03-01) Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Sah, Ranjit; Mehta, Rachana; Apostolopoulos, Vasso; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Eljaaly, Khalid; Medicine, School of MedicineAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging global threat. It increases mortality and morbidity rates and places a heavy burden on healthcare systems. Healthcare professionals can address the increasing issue of AMR by advocating responsible antibiotic use and supporting the development of new medications. Despite the economic, logistic, and scientific challenges, it is reassuring that new agents continue to be developed. This review addresses new antibiotics in the pipeline. A review of the literature was conducted including Medline, and Clinicaltrials.org, for approved and in pipeline antibiotics in phase 3 or new drug applications (NDA). We found several new antibiotics and reviewed their current development status, mode of action, spectra of activity, and indications for which they have been approved. The included studies from phase 3 clinical trials were mainly utilized for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and pneumonia acquired in healthcare settings. The availability of these agents is limited for high-priority organisms. The identified antibiotics were primarily based on previously known molecules or pre-existing antimicrobial agents. There is a limited number of antibiotics against high priority organisms. New antimicrobial agents targeting the top-priority organisms identified by the World Health Organization are urgently needed. However, some antibiotics target ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Item Re-emergence of Chandipura virus in India: Urgent need for public health vigilance and proactive management(Elsevier, 2024-10-10) Pareek, Ashutosh; Singhal, Runjhun; Pareek, Aaushi; Chuturgoon, Anil; Sah, Ranjit; Mehta, Rachana; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Apostolopoulos, Vasso; Medicine, School of MedicineItem Recent advances in vaccine and immunotherapy for COVID-19(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Rabaan, Ali A.; Al-Ahmed, Shamsah H.; Sah, Ranjit; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Al-Qaneh, Ayman M.; Al-Jamea, Lamiaa H.; Woodman, Alexander; Al-Qahtani, Manaf; Haque, Shafiul; Harapan, Harapan; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Kumar, Pavan; Dhama, Kuldeep; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Medicine, School of MedicineThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths. Beyond there being no available antiviral therapy, stimulating protective immunity by vaccines is the best option for managing future infections. Development of a vaccine for a novel virus is a challenging effort that may take several years to accomplish. This mini-review summarizes the immunopathological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and discusses advances in the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics for COVID-19.Item The cholera challenge: How should the world respond?(Elsevier, 2022-12-23) Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Chopra, Hitesh; Dhama, Kuldeep; Sah, Ranjit; Schlagenhauf, Patricia; Memish, Ziad A.; Medicine, School of MedicineItem The global challenges of the long COVID-19 in adults and children(Elsevier, 2023) Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Lopez-Echeverri, María Camila; Perez-Raga, Maria Fernanda; Quintero-Romero, Valentina; Valencia-Gallego, Valentina; Galindo-Herrera, Nicolas; López-Alzate, Santiago; Sánchez-Vinasco, Juan Diego; Gutiérrez-Vargas, Juan José; Mayta-Tristan, Percy; Husni, Rola; Moghnieh, Rima; Stephan, Joseph; Faour, Wissam; Tawil, Samah; Barakat, Hanane; Chaaban, Toufic; Megarbane, Andre; Rizk, Youssef; Sakr, Rania; Escalera-Antezana, Juan Pablo; Alvarado-Arnez, Lucia E.; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Camacho-Moreno, German; Mendoza, Henry; Rodriguez-Sabogal, Ivan Arturo; Millán-Oñate, Jose; Lopardo, Gustavo; Barbosa, Alexandre Naime; Cimerman, Sergio; do Socorro Souza Chaves, Tânia; Orduna, Tomas; Lloveras, Susana; Rodriguez-Morales, Andrea G.; Thormann, Monica; Zambrano, Patricia Gabriela; Perez, Clevy; Sandoval, Nancy; Zambrano, Lysien; Alvarez-Moreno, Carlos A.; Chacon-Cruz, Enrique; Villamil-Gomez, Wilmer E.; Benites-Zapata, Vicente; Savio-Larriera, Eduardo; Cardona-Ospina, Jaime A.; Risquez, Alejandro; Forero-Peña, David A.; Henao-Martínez, Andrés F.; Sah, Ranjit; Barboza, Joshuan J.; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Acosta-España, Jaime David; Carrero-Gonzalez, Carmen María; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Rabaan, Ali A.; Leblebicioglu, Hakan; Gonzales-Zamora, Jose A.; Ulloa-Gutiérrez, Rolando; Medicine, School of MedicineItem The human monkeypox in Saudi Arabia and global tourism(Elsevier, 2022-09-17) Alshahrani, Najim Z.; Assiri, Abdullah M.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Sah, Ranjit; Medicine, School of Medicine