Browsing by Author "Rodriguez-Murillo, Aida"

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    Population-Based Study of Gastric Cancer Survival and Associations in Rural Western Honduras
    (American Association for Cancer Research, 2024) Dominguez, Ricardo L.; Montalvan-Sanchez, Eleazar E.; Norwood, Dalton A.; Rodriguez-Murillo, Aida; Dominguez, Lucia; Estevez Ordoñez, Dagoberto; Beasley, Timothy; Bravo, Luis Eduardo; Morgan, Douglas R.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Two-thirds of global cancers occur in low/middle income countries (LMIC). Northern Central America is the largest LMIC region in the Western Hemisphere and lack cancer registries to guide cancer control. We conducted a gastric cancer survival study in rural Western Honduras, characterized as having among the highest gastric cancer incidence rates in Latin America. Methods: The cohort of incident gastric cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2015 was studied with active follow-up with household visits. The regional gastric cancer registry was primary for case identification, with completeness examination with hospital data and national death certificates. Cox regression models were used for survival calculations. Results: Survival follow-up was achieved in 741/774 patients (95.7%). Household interviews were conducted in 74.1% (n = 549); 65.7% were male, median age at diagnosis was 64 years, 24.5% were <55 years; 43.9% of tumors had pyloric obstruction; 45.2%, 43.2%, and 7.3% of histology was intestinal, diffuse, and mixed, respectively. A total of 24.7% patients received treatment. The 5-year survival rates were 9.9% for both males and females, 7.7% for age <45, and 7.9% for diffuse gastric cancer. Median survival time was 4.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.2-5.6]. In the final Cox regression model including age, sex, Lauren subtype, and poverty index, only treatment was significantly associated with survival (hazard ratio = 2.43, 95% CI, 1.8-3.2). Conclusions: Markedly low gastric cancer 5-year survival rates are observed in rural Central America. The majority of patients present with advanced disease and a minority have access to therapy. Impact: The findings have implications for cancer control in the Central America LMICs and for US Latino populations. See related commentary by Riquelme and Abnet, p. 1550.
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    Prevalence of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in the High Cardiovascular Risk Setting of Rural Western Honduras
    (Ethnicity & Disease, 2024-04-10) Montalvan-Sanchez, Eleazar E.; Rodriguez-Murillo, Aida; Carrasco-Stoval, Tiffani; Carrera, Keila; Beas, Renato; Giron, Roberto; Jerez-Moreno, Valeria; Soriano-Turcios, Roque Antonio; Reyes-Guerra, Orlando; Torres, Karla; Izquierdo-Veraza, Diego; Torres, Tatiana; Beran, Azizullah A.; Montalvan-Sanchez, Daniela; Norwood, Dalton A.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the population older than 45 years in rural Western Honduras and contribute to the limited literature on MS in Central America. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the District of Copan. The study includes 382 men and women aged 45 to 75 years. With proper consent, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profile were evaluated. MS was diagnosed by using the National Cholesterol Education Program Criteria - Adult Panel Treatment III (NCEP-ATP III). Data were stored in REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) and analyzed with STATA14. Results: Data were collected on 382 patients; of these, 38% were male and 62% female. The prevalence of obesity was 24.1% for both sexes. The prevalence of MS was 64.9%. Prevalence in males and females was 54% and 71%, respectively. Notable parameters were elevated triglycerides (71%), low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (63.4%), and abdominal obesity (56.8%). In men, the distribution of MS was more homogeneous, with a mean result of 80% amongst all ages. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of obesity and MS is severely underestimated in rural Honduras. The most remarkable parameter for MS was high triglycerides (71%). Sixty-nine percent of the population has above-normal Body Mass Index (BMI). Public health efforts to control comorbidities and tackle risk factors in this population should take utmost priority.