Browsing by Author "Robertson, Douglas J."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Baseline Features and Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Colonoscopy Versus Fecal Immunochemical Test in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer (CONFIRM) Study, a Colorectal Cancer Screening Trial
    (American Medical Association, 2023-07-03) Robertson, Douglas J.; Dominitz, Jason A.; Beed, Alexander; Boardman, Kathy D.; Del Curto, Barbara J.; Guarino, Peter D.; Imperiale, Thomas F.; LaCasse, Andrew; Larson, Meaghan F.; Gupta, Samir; Lieberman, David; Planeta, Beata; Shaukat, Aasma; Sultan, Shanaz; Menees, Stacy B.; Saini, Sameer D.; Schoenfeld, Philip; Goebel, Stephan; von Rosenvinge, Erik C.; Baffy, Gyorgy; Halasz, Ildiko; Pedrosa, Marcos C.; Kahng, Lyn Sue; Cassim, Riaz; Greer, Katarina B.; Kinnard, Margaret F.; Bhatt, Divya B.; Dunbar, Kerry B.; Harford, William V.; Mengshol, John A.; Olson, Jed E.; Patel, Swati G.; Antaki, Fadi; Fisher, Deborah A.; Sullivan, Brian A.; Lenza, Christopher; Prajapati, Devang N.; Wong, Helen; Beyth, Rebecca; Lieb, John G.; Manlolo, Joseph; Ona, Fernando V.; Cole, Rhonda A.; Khalaf, Natalia; Kahi, Charles J.; Kohli, Divyanshoo Rai; Rai, Tarun; Sharma, Prateek; Anastasiou, Jiannis; Hagedorn, Curt; Fernando, Ronald S.; Jackson, Christian S.; Jamal, M. Mazen; Lee, Robert H.; Merchant, Farrukh; May, Folasade P.; Pisegna, Joseph R.; Omer, Endashaw; Parajuli, Dipendra; Said, Adnan; Nguyen, Toan D.; Tombazzi, Claudio Ruben; Feldman, Paul A.; Jacob, Leslie; Koppelman, Rachel N.; Lehenbauer, Kyle P.; Desai, Deepak S.; Madhoun, Mohammad F.; Tierney, William M.; Ho, Minh Q.; Hockman, Heather J.; Lopez, Christopher; Carter Paulson, Emily; Tobi, Martin; Pinillos, Hugo L.; Young, Michele; Ho, Nancy C.; Mascarenhas, Ranjan; Promrat, Kirrichai; Mutha, Pritesh R.; Pandak, William M.; Shah, Tilak; Schubert, Mitchell; Pancotto, Frank S.; Gawron, Andrew J.; Underwood, Amelia E.; Ho, Samuel B.; Magno-Pagatzaurtundua, Priscilla; Toro, Doris H.; Beymer, Charles H.; Kaz, Andrew M.; Elwing, Jill; Gill, Jeffrey A.; Goldsmith, Susan F.; Yao, Michael D.; Protiva, Petr; Pohl, Heiko; Kyriakides, Tassos; CONFIRM Study Group; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Importance: The Colonoscopy Versus Fecal Immunochemical Test in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer (CONFIRM) randomized clinical trial sought to recruit 50 000 adults into a study comparing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality outcomes after randomization to either an annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy. Objective: To (1) describe study participant characteristics and (2) examine who declined participation because of a preference for colonoscopy or stool testing (ie, fecal occult blood test [FOBT]/FIT) and assess that preference's association with geographic and temporal factors. Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional study within CONFIRM, which completed enrollment through 46 Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers between May 22, 2012, and December 1, 2017, with follow-up planned through 2028, comprised veterans aged 50 to 75 years with an average CRC risk and due for screening. Data were analyzed between March 7 and December 5, 2022. Exposure: Case report forms were used to capture enrolled participant data and reasons for declining participation among otherwise eligible individuals. Main outcomes and measures: Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the cohort overall and by intervention. Among individuals declining participation, logistic regression was used to compare preference for FOBT/FIT or colonoscopy by recruitment region and year. Results: A total of 50 126 participants were recruited (mean [SD] age, 59.1 [6.9] years; 46 618 [93.0%] male and 3508 [7.0%] female). The cohort was racially and ethnically diverse, with 748 (1.5%) identifying as Asian, 12 021 (24.0%) as Black, 415 (0.8%) as Native American or Alaska Native, 34 629 (69.1%) as White, and 1877 (3.7%) as other race, including multiracial; and 5734 (11.4%) as having Hispanic ethnicity. Of the 11 109 eligible individuals who declined participation (18.0%), 4824 (43.4%) declined due to a stated preference for a specific screening test, with FOBT/FIT being the most preferred method (2820 [58.5%]) vs colonoscopy (1958 [40.6%]; P < .001) or other screening tests (46 [1.0%] P < .001). Preference for FOBT/FIT was strongest in the West (963 of 1472 [65.4%]) and modest elsewhere, ranging from 199 of 371 (53.6%) in the Northeast to 884 of 1543 (57.3%) in the Midwest (P = .001). Adjusting for region, the preference for FOBT/FIT increased by 19% per recruitment year (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.14-1.25). Conclusions and relevance: In this cross-sectional analysis of veterans choosing nonenrollment in the CONFIRM study, those who declined participation more often preferred FOBT or FIT over colonoscopy. This preference increased over time and was strongest in the western US and may provide insight into trends in CRC screening preferences.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Colonoscopy and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System: A Case–Control Study
    (ACP, 2018-04) Kahi, Charles J.; Pohl, Heiko; Myers, Laura J.; Mobarek, Dalia; Robertson, Douglas J.; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Colonoscopy is widely used in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention, but its effect on CRC mortality is unknown. Objective: To determine whether colonoscopy is associated with decreased CRC mortality in veterans and whether its effect differs by anatomical location of CRC. Design: Case–control study. Setting: VA–Medicare administrative data. Participants: Case patients were veterans aged 52 years or older who were diagnosed with CRC between 2002 and 2008 and died of the disease by the end of 2010. Case patients were matched to 4 control patients without prior CRC on the basis of age, sex, and facility. Conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for exposure to colonoscopy, with adjustment for race, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, selected chronic conditions, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and family history of CRC. Measurements: Exposure to colonoscopy was determined from 1997 to 6 months before CRC diagnosis in case patients and to a corresponding date in control patients. Subgroup analysis was performed for patients who had undergone screening colonoscopy. Results: A total of 4964 case patients and 19 856 control patients were identified. Case patients were significantly less likely to have undergone any colonoscopy (OR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.35 to 0.43]). Colonoscopy was associated with reduced mortality for left-sided cancer (OR, 0.28 [CI, 0.24 to 0.32]) and right-sided cancer (OR, 0.54 [CI, 0.47 to 0.63]). The results were similar for patients who had undergone screening colonoscopy (overall OR, 0.30 [CI, 0.24 to 0.38]). Sensitivity analyses that varied the interval between CRC diagnosis and colonoscopy exposure did not affect the primary findings. Limitation: Unmeasured confounding. Conclusion: In this study using national VA–Medicare data, colonoscopy was associated with significant reductions in CRC mortality among veterans and was associated with greater benefit for left-sided cancer than right-sided cancer.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Recommendations for Follow-Up After Colonoscopy and Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer
    (Elsevier, 2020-03) Gupta, Samir; Lieberman, David; Anderson, Joseph C.; Burke, Carol A.; Dominitz, Jason A.; Kaltenbach, Tonya; Robertson, Douglas J.; Shaukat, Aasma; Syngal, Sapna; Rex, Douglas K.; Medicine, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Recommendations on Surveillance and Management of Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency (BMMRD) Syndrome: A Consensus Statement by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer
    (Elsevier, 2017-05) Durno, Carol; Boland, C. Richard; Cohen, Shlomi; Dominitz, Jason A.; Giardiello, Frank M.; Johnson, David A.; Kaltenbach, Tonya; Levin, T. R.; Lieberman, David; Robertson, Douglas J.; Rex, Douglas K.; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine
    The US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, with invited experts, developed a consensus statement and recommendations to assist health care providers with appropriate management of patients with biallelic mismatch repair deficiency (BMMRD) syndrome, also called constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome. This position paper outlines what is known about BMMRD, the unique genetic and clinical aspects of the disease, and reviews the current management approaches to this disorder. This article represents a starting point from which diagnostic and management decisions can undergo rigorous testing for efficacy. There is a lack of strong evidence and a requirement for further research. Nevertheless, providers need direction on how to recognize and care for BMMRD patients today. In addition to identifying areas of research, this article provides guidance for surveillance and management. The major challenge is that BMMRD is rare, limiting the ability to accumulate unbiased data and develop controlled prospective trials. The formation of effective international consortia that collaborate and share data is proposed to accelerate our understanding of this disease.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Spotlight: US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer Recommendations for Follow-up After Colonoscopy and Polypectomy
    (Elsevier, 2020-03) Gupta, Samir; Lieberman, David; Anderson, Joseph C.; Burke, Carol A.; Dominitz, Jason A.; Kaltenbach, Tonya; Robertson, Douglas J.; Shaukat, Aasma; Syngal, Sapna; Rex, Douglas K.; Medicine, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Stool Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening
    (AGA Institute, 2015-10) Robertson, Douglas J.; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been shown to reduce CRC incidence and mortality and is widely recommended. However, despite the demonstrated benefits of screening and ongoing efforts to improve screening rates, a large percentage of the population remains unscreened. Noninvasive stool based tests offer great opportunity to enhance screening uptake. The evidence supporting the use of both fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and stool DNA (sDNA) has been growing rapidly and both tests are now commercially available for use. Other stool biomarkers (eg, RNA and protein based) are also actively under study both for use independently and as adjuncts to the currently available tests. This mini review provides current, state of the art knowledge about noninvasive stool based screening. It includes a more detailed examination of those tests currently in use (ie, FIT and sDNA) but also provides an overview of stool testing options under development (ie, protein and RNA).