Browsing by Author "Plawecki, Martin"

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    Gender Specific Effects of Mood on Alcohol Seeking Behaviors: Preliminary Findings using Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration
    (Wiley, 2016-02) Cyders, Melissa A.; VanderVeen, J. Davis; Plawecki, Martin; Millward, James B.; Hays, James; Kareken, David A.; O'Connor, Sean; Department of Psychology, School of Science
    Background Although negative mood has long been implicated in differences in alcohol seeking by men and women, little research has used precise, well-controlled laboratory experiments to examine how negative mood affects alcohol-seeking behaviors. Methods A total of 34 (19 women) community-dwelling, alcohol-using adults aged 21 to 32 (mean age = 24.86, SD = 3.40, 74.3% Caucasian; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT] = 10.1, SD = 3.4) completed 2 counterbalanced intravenous alcohol self-administration sessions: one under negative mood and one under neutral mood. Fourteen individuals (9 women; mean age = 25.00, SD = 2.77) participated in an alcohol “liking” experiment (i.e., free access [FA] drinking) and 20 individuals (10 women; mean age = 24.77, SD = 3.73) participated in an alcohol “wanting” experiment, in which gaining access to alcohol required progressively effortful work. There was no significant difference between men and women on the AUDIT, t(32) = −0.38, p = 0.71. Results Priming with negative mood induction caused a significant decrease in self-reported mood (mean change = −1.85, t(32) = −6.81, p < 0.001), as intended. In FA, negative mood was associated with a significantly increased peak breath alcohol concentration (BrAC; F = 9.41, p = 0.01), with a trend toward a greater effect in men than in women (F = 2.67, p = 0.13). Negative mood also had a significant effect on peak BrAC achieved in the progressive work paradigm (F = 5.28, p = 0.04), with a significantly stronger effect in men (F = 5.35, p = 0.03) than women; men also trended toward more consistent work for alcohol across both neutral and negative sessions. Conclusions These preliminary findings demonstrate a gender-specific response on how mood affects alcohol seeking and suggest gender-specific interventions to prevent mood-based alcohol consumption.
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    HiTOP-based Optimal Personalized Assignment to Abstinence from Alcohol: A Precision Medicine Approach
    (2024-08) Argyriou, Evangelia; Cyders, Melissa; Wu, Wei; Stewart, Jesse; Plawecki, Martin
    Abstinence from drinking has traditionally been the primary goal of alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment; however, there is evidence that individuals respond differently when trying to be abstinent from alcohol. The main goal of my study was to use a novel precision medicine approach to optimize assignment to short-term abstinence from alcohol based on a variety of individual characteristics. The sample consisted of 97 moderate-to-heavy drinkers aged 21-35. A within-subjects design was employed where each participant completed two counter-balanced intravenous alcohol sessions (one following abstinence and one during usual drinking). For the primary aim of this study (N = 47), crossover generalized outcome weighted learning was used to estimate an optimal individualized assignment rule to short-term abstinence based on prescriptive factors, including HiTOP-relevant dimensions and other characteristics. For a secondary aim (N = 50), logistic regression was used to test whether the subgroups estimated by the optimal rule were associated with a set of genetic and behavioral factors related to AUD, and subjective perceptions to alcohol intoxication. Findings showed that an estimated rule with higher granularity – higher-specificity traits and demographics – led to lower alcohol consumption overall compared with one-size-fits-all rules (i.e., assigning everyone to abstinence or assigning no one to abstinence). The effect sizes of the difference were small-to-medium and fell short of statistical significance. Family history of AUD had a positive trend association with benefit from abstinence, with one standard deviation increase in family history of AUD being associated with twice as high odds of being assigned to abstinence. Due to the limited sample size, the results should be interpreted with caution. Study results provided preliminary evidence that an individualized assignment rule based on relatively simple and easily accessible individual characteristics can lead to lower alcohol consumption than that observed if everyone or no one was assigned to abstinence (i.e., one-size-fits-all approach). Genetic predispositions reflected in family history of AUD may be a potential mechanism linking the assessed prescriptive factors with abstinence response, which is worth further exploration.
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    Pre-Clinical Medical Students' Attitudes Towards Psychiatry
    (2022-05) Opperman, Michael; Smith, Alyssa; McCann, Joseph; Chastain, Jonathan; Schiller, Brennan; Thomas, Alexander; Jivens, Morgan; Schargorodsky, David; Scofield, David; Grant, Larrilyn; Sweazey, Robert; Richardson, Jenelle; Plawecki, Martin