Browsing by Author "Magnarella, Mark"

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    Development of a Computer-Tailored Intervention/Decision Aid To Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Health Systems
    (Cureus, 2022-03-21) Fatima, Hala; Wajid, Maryiam; Krier, Connie; Champion, Victoria; Carter-Harris, Lisa; Shedd-Steele, Rivienne; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Schwartz, Peter; Strom, Sylvia; Magnarella, Mark; Rawl, Susan M.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Non-compliance with scheduled colonoscopy is common among patients, especially in underserved populations. High no-show and late cancelation rates result in wasted resources, increased costs, and missed opportunities for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Among the barriers to colonoscopy is a lack of knowledge about the benefits, fears, and limited time for patient counseling. Methodology: We produced a digital video disc and a website program to enhance awareness about CRC screening and address patient barriers in a population with low screening adherence. Results: Patients can be educated via an interactive computer-tailored intervention with both DVD and web versions. It details the benefits and need for CRC screening, different methods of screening, and addresses patient-related barriers. Conclusions: Patient education is crucial to increase CRC screening among eligible individuals. Because online engagement is affected by attention, interest, and affect, content should be concise but comprehensive.
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    Patient Navigation Plus Tailored Digital Video Disc Increases Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income and Minority Patients Who Did Not Attend a Scheduled Screening Colonoscopy: A Randomized Trial
    (Oxford University Press, 2024) Rawl, Susan M.; Perkins, Susan M.; Tong, Yan; Katz, Mira L.; Carter-Bawa, Lisa; Imperiale, Thomas F.; Schwartz, Peter H.; Fatima, Hala; Krier, Connie; Tharp, Kevin; Shedd-Steele, Rivienne; Magnarella, Mark; Malloy, Caeli; Haunert, Laura; Gebregziabher, Netsanet; Paskett, Electra D.; Champion, Victoria; School of Nursing
    Background: Up to 50% of people scheduled for screening colonoscopy do not complete this test and no studies have focused on minority and low-income populations. Interventions are needed to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening knowledge, reduce barriers, and provide alternative screening options. Patient navigation (PN) and tailored interventions increase CRC screening uptake, however there is limited information comparing their effectiveness or the effect of combining them. Purpose: Compare the effectiveness of two interventions to increase CRC screening among minority and low-income individuals who did not attend their screening colonoscopy appointment-a mailed tailored digital video disc (DVD) alone versus the mailed DVD plus telephone-based PN compared to usual care. Methods: Patients (n = 371) aged 45-75 years at average risk for CRC who did not attend a screening colonoscopy appointment were enrolled and were randomized to: (i) a mailed tailored DVD; (ii) the mailed DVD plus phone-based PN; or (iii) usual care. CRC screening outcomes were from electronic medical records at 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to study intervention effects. Results: Participants randomized to tailored DVD plus PN were four times more likely to complete CRC screening compared to usual care and almost two and a half times more likely than those who were sent the DVD alone. Conclusions: Combining telephone-based PN with a mailed, tailored DVD increased CRC screening among low-income and minority patients who did not attend their screening colonoscopy appointments and has potential for wide dissemination.