Browsing by Author "Jackson, Laura"

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    12-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Improves Functions of Cytokine-Treated Human Islets and Type 2 Diabetic Islets
    (Oxford University Press, 2017-08-01) Ma, Kaiwen; Xiao, An; Park, So Hyun; Glenn, Lindsey; Jackson, Laura; Barot, Tatvam; Weaver, Jessica R.; Taylor-Fishwick, David A.; Luci, Diane K.; Maloney, David J.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Imai, Yumi; Nadler, Jerry L.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Context: The 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) pathway produces proinflammatory metabolites, and its activation is implicated in islet inflammation associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objectives: We aimed to test the efficacy of ML355, a highly selective, small molecule inhibitor of 12-LO, for the preservation of islet function. Design: Human islets from nondiabetic donors were incubated with a mixture of tumor necrosis factor α , interluekin-1β, and interferon-γ to model islet inflammation. Cytokine-treated islets and human islets from T2D donors were incubated in the presence and absence of ML355. Setting: In vitro study. Participants: Human islets from organ donors aged >20 years of both sexes and any race were used. T2D status was defined from either medical history or most recent hemoglobin A1c value >6.5%. Intervention: Glucose stimulation. Main Outcome Measures: Static and dynamic insulin secretion and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Results: ML355 prevented the reduction of insulin secretion and OCR in cytokine-treated human islets and improved both parameters in human islets from T2D donors. Conclusions: ML355 was efficacious in improving human islet function after cytokine treatment and in T2D islets in vitro. The study suggests that the blockade of the 12-LO pathway may serve as a target for both form of diabetes and provides the basis for further study of this small molecule inhibitor in vivo.
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    Medical and surgical interventions and outcomes for infants with trisomy 18 (T18) or trisomy 13 (T13) at children's hospitals neonatal intensive care units (NICUs)
    (Springer Nature, 2021) Acharya, Krishna; Leuthner, Steven R.; Zaniletti, Isabella; Niehaus, Jason Z.; Bishop, Christine E.; Coghill, Carl H.; Datta, Ankur; Dereddy, Narendra; DiGeronimo, Robert; Jackson, Laura; Ling, Con Yee; Matoba, Nana; Natarajan, Girija; Pritha Nayak, Sujir; Brown Schlegel, Amy; Seale, Jamie; Shah, Anita; Weiner, Julie; Williams, Helen O.; Wojcik, Monica H.; Fry, Jessica T.; Sullivan, Kevin; Palliative Care and Ethics Focus Group of the Children’s Hospital Neonatal Consortium (CHNC); Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Objectives: To examine characteristics and outcomes of T18 and T13 infants receiving intensive surgical and medical treatment compared to those receiving non-intensive treatment in NICUs. Study design: Retrospective cohort of infants in the Children's Hospitals National Consortium (CHNC) from 2010 to 2016 categorized into three groups by treatment received: surgical, intensive medical, or non-intensive. Results: Among 467 infants admitted, 62% received intensive medical treatment; 27% received surgical treatment. The most common surgery was a gastrostomy tube. Survival in infants who received surgeries was 51%; intensive medical treatment was 30%, and non-intensive treatment was 72%. Infants receiving surgeries spent more time in the NICU and were more likely to receive oxygen and feeding support at discharge. Conclusions: Infants with T13 or T18 at CHNC NICUs represent a select group for whom parents may have desired more intensive treatment. Survival to NICU discharge was possible, and surviving infants had a longer hospital stay and needed more discharge supports.