Browsing by Author "Ibraheem, Ahmed Gamil"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Around Exposed Mandibular Dental Implant With Histomorphometric Analysis
    (Wiley, 2021-03) Ibraheem, Ahmed Gamil; Blanchard, Steven B.; Periodontology, School of Dentistry
    Introduction Alveolar ridge augmentation either before or during implant placement is a predictable procedure under certain conditions. A major complication during the healing phase is incision line opening and membrane exposure, which may result in reduced bone gain and reduced implant survival. This case report describes alveolar bone regeneration around three dental implants despite membrane exposure that developed during healing post-surgically. Case Presentation A 72-year-old female presented requesting dental implants to replace tooth numbers 18, 19, and 20. A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan showed loss of horizontal and vertical ridge dimensions. All implants were placed with a variable degree of implant thread exposure on their buccal surfaces, ranging from 3 to 4.5 mm. Simultaneous bone grafting was performed using freeze dried bone allograft and deproteinized bovine bone mineral that was covered by a d-PTFE membrane that was secured with tacking screws. Primary closure was obtained, and flaps were sutured. Three weeks post-surgically, membrane exposure occurred. Exposure was monitored and patient was instructed to follow strict oral hygiene instructions around the exposed membrane. Membrane exposure gradually increased without infection and was removed at 16 weeks. Membrane removal revealed dense fibrous tissues covering all implant surfaces. At the second stage surgery, new bone was seen covering all the implants coronal to the cover screws. A trephine core biopsy specimen revealed significant new bone formation and connective tissue around any residual grafted bone. Conclusion d-PTFE membrane exposure does not necessarily lead to adverse healing outcomes for alveolar ridge augmentation if handled properly with close patient follow-up.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Effects of Human Amniotic Fluid on Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast Cell Viability, Proliferation, and Cytokine/Growth Factor Expression
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2019) Ibraheem, Ahmed Gamil; Blanchard, Steven B.; Al-Hijji, Saleh Mohammed; Al-Nasr-Allah, Khaled; Windsor, L. Jack; Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, School of Dentistry
    Background: The importance of the amniotic fluid (AF) to the fetus is clear. However, very few studies have been published to examine the potential uses of this fluid in various areas such as tissue regeneration. AF contains epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, transforming growth factor beta-1, insulin-like growth factor-I, erythropoietin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, as well as hyaluronic acid and hyaluronic acid-stimulating factor. Previous studies suggest that AF can increase fibroblast proliferation and chemotaxis, and decrease apoptosis as well as promote wound healing. Furthermore, evidence showed that human AF inhibits hyaluronidase, elastase, and cathepsin. The current study examined the effects of human AF on periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) in terms of cell toxicity, cell proliferation, and cytokine/growth factor expression. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of AF on PDLF was determined using lactate dehydrogenase assays. PDLF proliferation was determined using water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assays. Cytokine/growth factor expression was determined on AF-treated PDLF, AF alone, and PDLF alone utilizing protein arrays. Results: Human AF at 10% and below did not affect cell growth and was not toxic. AF-treated PDLF cells showed a decrease in cytokine/growth factor levels compared to the sum of cytokine/growth factor levels in AF only and cells only for 39 of the 80 proteins examined (48.8%). Of the 39 examined cytokines, 20 inflammatory cytokines, 11 cell cycle cytokines, 1 anti-inflammatory cytokine, and 7 other cytokines were decreased. Conclusion: Human AF at the examined concentrations was not toxic to PDLF cells and did not influence their proliferation. In addition, AF (10%) caused a decrease in the total protein levels of cytokines/growth factors expressed in 39 of the 80 proteins examined (48.8%). Of the 39 examined cytokines, 20 inflammatory cytokines, 11 cell cycle cytokines, 1 anti-inflammatory cytokine, and 7 other cytokines were decreased.