Browsing by Author "Craft, Hannah"

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    Association of amyloid and cardiovascular risk with cognition: Findings from KBASE
    (Wiley, 2024) Chaudhuri, Soumilee; Dempsey, Desarae A.; Huang, Yen-Ning; Park, Tamina; Cao, Sha; Chumin, Evgeny J.; Craft, Hannah; Crane, Paul K.; Mukherjee, Shubhabrata; Choi, Seo-Eun; Scollard, Phoebe; Lee, Michael; Nakano, Connie; Mez, Jesse; Trittschuh, Emily H.; Klinedinst, Brandon S.; Hohman, Timothy J.; Lee, Jun-Young; Kang, Koung Mi; Sohn, Chul-Ho; Kim, Yu Kyeong; Yi, Dahyun; Byun, Min Soo; Risacher, Shannon L.; Nho, Kwangsik; Saykin, Andrew J.; Lee, Dong Young; KBASE Research Group; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Background: Limited research has explored the effect of cardiovascular risk and amyloid interplay on cognitive decline in East Asians. Methods: Vascular burden was quantified using Framingham's General Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) in 526 Korean Brain Aging Study (KBASE) participants. Cognitive differences in groups stratified by FRS and amyloid positivity were assessed at baseline and longitudinally. Results: Baseline analyses revealed that amyloid-negative (Aβ-) cognitively normal (CN) individuals with high FRS had lower cognition compared to Aβ- CN individuals with low FRS (p < 0.0001). Longitudinally, amyloid pathology predominantly drove cognitive decline, while FRS alone had negligible effects on cognition in CN and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that managing vascular risk may be crucial in preserving cognition in Aβ- individuals early on and before the clinical manifestation of dementia. Within the CN and MCI groups, irrespective of FRS status, amyloid-positive individuals had worse cognitive performance than Aβ- individuals. Highlights: Vascular risk significantly affects cognition in amyloid-negative older Koreans. Amyloid-negative CN older adults with high vascular risk had lower baseline cognition. Amyloid pathology drives cognitive decline in CN and MCI, regardless of vascular risk. The study underscores the impact of vascular health on the AD disease spectrum.
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    Associations between Amyloid, Cardiovascular Risk, and Cognitive Function in Korean Older Adults: Insights from the KBASE Cohort
    (Wiley, 2025-01-09) Chaudhuri, Soumilee; Dempsey, Desarae A.; Huang, Yen-Ning; Cao, Sha; Chumin, Evgeny J.; Craft, Hannah; Crane, Paul K.; Mukherjee, Shubhabrata; Choi, Seo-Eun; Lee, Michael L.; Scollard, Phoebe; Mez, Jesse; Trittschuh, Emily H.; Klinedinst, Brandon S.; Nakano, Connie; Hohman, Timothy J.; Yi, Dahyun; Byun, Min Soo; Risacher, Shannon L.; Nho, Kwangsik; Saykin, Andrew J.; Lee, Dong Young; Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease (KBASE); Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Background: Understanding the relationship between cardiovascular burden, amyloid, and cognition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is essential for targeted interventions, especially in ethnically diverse populations where research remains limited. This study aimed to investigate these relationships in a cohort of Korean older adults along the AD spectrum. Method: 526 participants from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease (KBASE) cohort were included in this study. Vascular burden was quantified using Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and participants were categorized into four groups based on combinations of FRS (FRS High or FRS Low with a median split) and amyloid status (Aβ+ or Aβ‐ based on a cut‐off of 1.2373). Cognitive function was evaluated using standardized neuropsychological tests processed with structural equation models to produce domain scores for memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial. ANOVA was employed at baseline to analyze cognitive differences among these groups and within each clinical diagnosis. Longitudinal mixed effects models spanning a period of four years from the initial visit captured cognitive changes over time within these groups (Figure 1). Result: Significant group and pairwise differences were observed among the four groups in all cognitive domains (p < 0.0001). Stratified analysis within each clinical diagnoses group revealed that CN individuals in FRS high Aβ‐ demonstrated significantly lower memory scores compared to those with FRS low Aβ‐ (p < 0.0001), this trend was absent from MCI and AD groups (Figure 2). Longitudinally, FRS high Aβ+ and FRS low Aβ+ groups consistently demonstrated lower memory scores compared to the FRS low Aβ‐ group. Interestingly, no significant difference in cognition was observed between FRS high Aβ‐ and FRS low Aβ‐ groups over time. However, the most pronounced divergence in longitudinal cognition of the four FRS and Amyloid groups was observed within the MCI diagnosis group (Figure 3). Conclusion: This study highlights the differential impact of cardiovascular risk on cognition depending on amyloid status and clinical diagnosis group. This underscores the importance of considering both cardiovascular risk factors and amyloid pathology early‐on in understanding clinical manifestation and cognitive decline in the AD spectrum, particularly in ethnically diverse populations.
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    Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of Aβ deposition on PET in a Korean cohort
    (Wiley, 2024) Park, Tamina; Hwang, Jiyun; Liu, Shiwei; Chaudhuri, Soumilee; Han, Sang Won; Yi, Dahyun; Byun, Min Soo; Huang, Yen-Ning; Rosewood, Thea; Jung, Gijung; Kim, Min Jeong; Ahn, Hyejin; Lee, Jun-Young; Kim, Yu Kyeong; Cho, MinYoung; Bice, Paula J.; Craft, Hannah; Risacher, Shannon L.; Gao, Hongyu; Liu, Yunlong; Kim, SangYun; Park, Young Ho; Lee, Dong Young; Saykin, Andrew J.; Nho, Kwangsik; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Despite the recognized importance of including ethnic diversity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, substantial knowledge gaps remain, particularly in Asian populations. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on blood samples from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE) to perform differential gene expression (DGE), gene co-expression network, gene-set enrichment, and machine learning analyses for amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition on positron emission tomography. Results: DGE analysis identified 265 dysregulated genes associated with Aβ deposition and replicated three AD-associated genes in an independent Korean cohort. Network analysis identified two modules related to pathways including a natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immunity. Machine learning analysis showed the classification of Aβ positivity improved with the inclusion of gene expression data. Discussion: Our results in a Korean population suggest Aβ deposition-associated genes are enriched in NK cell-mediated immunity, providing a better understanding of AD molecular mechanisms and yielding potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Highlights: Dysregulated genes were associated with amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition on positron emission tomography in a Korean cohort. Dysregulated genes in Alzheimer's disease were replicated in an independent Korean cohort. Gene network modules were associated with Aβ deposition. Natural killer (NK) cell proportion in blood was associated with Aβ deposition. Dysregulated genes were related to a NK cell-mediated immunity.