Lin, YangKobayashi, MichihiroPortilho, Nathalia AzevedoMishra, AkanshaGao, HongyuLiu, YunlongWenzel, PamelaDavis, BrianYoder, Mervin C.Yoshimoto, Momoko2019-08-022019-08-022019-03-05Lin, Y., Kobayashi, M., Azevedo Portilho, N., Mishra, A., Gao, H., Liu, Y., … Yoshimoto, M. (2019). Long-Term Engraftment of ESC-Derived B-1 Progenitor Cells Supports HSC-Independent Lymphopoiesis. Stem cell reports, 12(3), 572–583. doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.006https://hdl.handle.net/1805/20145It is generally considered that mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation into blood cells in vitro recapitulates yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis. As such, similar to YS-derived B-progenitors, we demonstrate here that ESC-derived B-progenitors differentiate into B-1 and marginal zone B cells, but not B-2 cells in immunodeficient mice after transplantation. ESC-derived B-1 cells were maintained in the recipients for more than 6 months, secreting natural IgM antibodies in vivo. Gene expression profiling displayed a close relationship between ESC- and YS-derived B-1 progenitors. Because there are no hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) detectable in our ESC differentiation culture, successful long-term engraftment of ESC-derived functional B-1 cells supports the presence of HSC-independent B-1 cell development.en-USAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesB-1 cellsESCsHSC-independent lymphopoiesisMouse embryoYolk sacArticle