McIntyre, John A.Ramsey, Curtis J.Gitter, Bruce D.Saykin, Andrew J.Wagenknecht, Dawn R.Hyslop, Paul A.2017-06-082017-06-082015-08McIntyre, J. A., Ramsey, C. J., Gitter, B. D., Saykin, A. J., Wagenknecht, D. R., & Hyslop, P. A. (2015). Antiphospholipid autoantibodies as blood biomarkers for detection of early stage Alzheimer’s disease. Autoimmunity, 48(5), 344–351. http://doi.org/10.3109/08916934.2015.1008464https://hdl.handle.net/1805/12915A robust blood biomarker is urgently needed to facilitate early prognosis for those at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Redox reactive autoantibodies (R-RAAs) represent a novel family of antibodies detectable only after exposure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum, plasma or immunoglobulin fractions to oxidizing agents. We have previously reported that R-RAA antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are significantly decreased in the CSF and serum of AD patients compared to healthy controls (HCs). These studies were extended to measure R-RAA aPL in serum samples obtained from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Serum samples from the ADNI-1 diagnostic groups from participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD and HCs were blinded for diagnosis and analyzed for R-RAA aPL by ELISA. Demographics, cognitive data at baseline and yearly follow-up were subsequently provided by ADNI after posting assay data. As observed in CSF, R-RAA aPL in sera from the AD diagnostic group were significantly reduced compared to HC. However, the sera from the MCI population contained significantly elevated R-RAA aPL activity relative to AD patient and/or HC sera. The data presented in this study indicate that R-RAA aPL show promise as a blood biomarker for detection of early AD, and warrant replication in a larger sample. Longitudinal testing of an individual for increases in R-RAA aPL over a previously established baseline may serve as a useful early sero-epidemiologic blood biomarker for individuals at risk for developing dementia of the Alzheimer's type.en-USPublisher PolicyELISAMild cognitive impairment (MCI)Neurodegenerative diseaseRedox-reactive antiphospholipid autoantibodiesSerum biomarkersArticle