Zhang, M.Wong, S. W.Lummus, S.Han, M.Radmanesh, A.Ahmadian, S. S.Prolo, L. M.Lai, H.Eghbal, A.Oztekin, O.Cheshier, S. H.Fisher, P. G.Ho, C. Y.Vogel, H.Vitanza, N. A.Lober, R. M.Grant, G. A.Jaju, A.Yeom, K. W.2024-04-022024-04-022021Zhang M, Wong SW, Lummus S, et al. Radiomic Phenotypes Distinguish Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors from Medulloblastoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2021;42(9):1702-1708. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A7200https://hdl.handle.net/1805/39684Background and purpose: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors and medulloblastomas have similar imaging and histologic features but distinctly different outcomes. We hypothesized that they could be distinguished by MR imaging-based radiomic phenotypes. Materials and methods: We retrospectively assembled T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images of 48 posterior fossa atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors and 96 match-paired medulloblastomas from 7 institutions. Using a holdout test set, we measured the performance of 6 candidate classifier models using 6 imaging features derived by sparse regression of 900 T2WI and 900 T1WI Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative-based radiomics features. Results: From the originally extracted 1800 total Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative-based features, sparse regression consistently reduced the feature set to 1 from T1WI and 5 from T2WI. Among classifier models, logistic regression performed with the highest AUC of 0.86, with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1 scores of 0.80, 0.82, 0.81, and 0.85, respectively. The top 3 important Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative features, by decreasing order of relative contribution, included voxel intensity at the 90th percentile, inverse difference moment normalized, and kurtosis-all from T2WI. Conclusions: Six quantitative signatures of image intensity, texture, and morphology distinguish atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors from medulloblastomas with high prediction performance across different machine learning strategies. Use of this technique for preoperative diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors could significantly inform therapeutic strategies and patient care discussions.en-USPublisher PolicyCerebellar neoplasmsMagnetic resonance imagingMedulloblastomaPhenotypeRhabdoid tumorArticle