Masur, JackRatan, AakroshWierbilowicz, KrzysztofAyanambakkam, AdanmaChurchman, Michelle L.Graham, Laura S.Grass, George DanielGupta, SumatiKern, Sean Q.King, JenniferMyint, ZinRounbehler, Robert J.Salhia, BodourSinger, Eric A.Zakharia, YousefPaschal, Bryce M.Viscuse, Paul V.2025-02-192025-02-192025-01-15Masur J, Ratan A, Wierbilowicz K, et al. Clinical and Genomic Features of Androgen Indifferent Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(2):679. Published 2025 Jan 15. doi:10.3390/ijms26020679https://hdl.handle.net/1805/45829Androgen-indifferent prostate cancer (AIPC) is increasingly common and particularly lethal. Data describing these tumors are sparse, and AIPC remains a poorly understood malignancy. Utilizing the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) database, we enriched for tumors with features of AIPC using previously described characteristics. Our AIPC cohort included three subgroups: aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC), neuroendocrine PC (NEPC), and double-negative PC (DNPC). Of 1496 total PC patients available for analysis, we identified 323 (22%) as MCRPC. Of those, 39 (12%) met AIPC criteria (17 AVPC, 13 NEPC, 9 DNPC) and 284 (88%) were non-AIPC. Forty-three percent of AIPC patients had de novo metastatic disease vs. 15% for non-AIPC (p = 0.003). Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) did not differ between cohorts, but microsatellite instability scores (MSI) were significantly higher in AIPC (p = 0.019). Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we found that genes defining response to androgens and genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation were the most downregulated, whereas genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune signaling were significantly upregulated in AIPC vs. non-AIPC. Our study demonstrates the potential for predefined criteria that aim to enrich for AIPC and suggests opportunities for therapeutic investigation.en-USAttribution 4.0 InternationalAndrogen-indifferent prostate cancerBiomarkersGenomicsMolecular biologyProstate cancerTherapeutic targetsArticle