Ersen, Tevfik BasakVaron, LianaTekmen, Hilal2018-07-252018-07-252018https://hdl.handle.net/1805/16817The legal framework only recognizes the formation of associations and foundations as legal entities. Other forms of collective action (e.g. initiatives, nonprofit companies, groups, networks) are not recognized and are not provided legal entity status. In addition to associations and foundations, platforms/initiatives are also recognized by law but not accepted as legal entities. POs cannot participate in economic activities directly, and they need to establish separate economic entities for such purposes.en-USCountry ReportPhilanthropyTurkeyDataset