Wang, Fei-YueWang, XiaoLi, LingxiLi, Li2017-06-142017-06-142016-10Wang, F. Y., Wang, X., Li, L., & Li, L. (2016). Steps toward Parallel Intelligence. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 3(4), 345–348. https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2016.7510067https://hdl.handle.net/1805/13024The origin of artificial intelligence is investigated, based on which the concepts of hybrid intelligence and parallel intelligence are presented. The paradigm shift in Intelligence indicates the "new normal" of cyber-social-physical systems (CPSS), in which the system behaviors are guided by Merton's Laws. Thus, the ACP-based parallel intelligence consisting of Artificial societies, Computational experiments and Parallel execution are introduced to bridge the big modeling gap in CPSS.enPublisher Policyartificial intelligencehybrid intelligenceparallel intelligenceArticle