Voss, Michael G.Cleves, Mario M.Cuthbertson, David D.Xu, PingEvans-Molina, CarmellaPalmer, Jerry P.Redondo, Maria J.Steck, Andrea K.Lundgren, MarkusLarsson, HelenaMoore, Wayne V.Atkinson, Mark A.Sosenko, JayIsmail, Heba M.2022-06-022022-06-022021-10Voss, M. G., Cuthbertson, D. D., Cleves, M. M., Xu, P., Evans-Molina, C., Palmer, J. P., Redondo, M. J., Steck, A. K., Lundgren, M., Larsson, H., Moore, W. V., Atkinson, M. A., Sosenko, J. M., Ismail, H. M., & DPT-1 and TrialNet Study Groups. (2021). Time to Peak Glucose and Peak C-Peptide During the Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial and TrialNet Cohorts. Diabetes Care, 44(10), 2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-0226https://hdl.handle.net/1805/29228Objective: To assess the progression of type 1 diabetes using time to peak glucose or C-peptide during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in autoantibody positive (Ab+) relatives of people with type 1 diabetes. Methods: We examined 2-hour OGTTs of participants in the Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet Pathway to Prevention (PTP) studies. We included 706 DPT-1 participants (Mean±SD age: 13.84±9.53 years; BMI-Z-Score: 0.33±1.07; 56.1% male) and 3,720 PTP participants (age: 16.01±12.33 Years, BMI-Z-Score 0.66±1.3; 49.7% male). Log-rank testing and Cox regression analyses with adjustments (age, sex, race, BMI-Z-Score and peak Glucose/Cpeptide levels, respectively) were performed. Results: In each of DPT-1 and PTP, higher 5-year risk of diabetes development was seen in those with time to peak glucose >30 min and time to peak C-peptide >60 min (p<0.001 for all groups), before and after adjustments. In models examining strength of association with diabetes development, associations were greater for time to peak C-peptide versus peak C-peptide value (DPT-1: X2 = 25.76 vs. X2 = 8.62 and PTP: X2 = 149.19 vs. X2 = 79.98; all p<0.001). Changes in the percentage of individuals with delayed glucose and/or C-peptide peaks were noted over time. Conclusions: In two independent at risk populations, we show that those with delayed OGTT peak times for glucose or C-peptide are at higher risk of diabetes development within 5 years, independent of peak levels. Moreover, time to peak C-peptide appears more predictive than the peak level, suggesting its potential use as a specific biomarker for diabetes progression.enPublisher Policytype 1 diabetespredictionpeak timingArticle