Dixon, Brian E.Caine, Virginia A.Halverson, Paul K.2020-09-032020-09-032020-08-26Dixon, B. E., Caine, V. A., & Halverson, P. K. (2020). Deficient Response to COVID-19 Makes the Case for Evolving the Public Health System. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.07.0240749-3797https://hdl.handle.net/1805/23753Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 14 million individuals and caused more than 600,000 deaths as of July 20, 2020, rapidly spreading across large cities as well as many rural areas. In parallel with rising cases and deaths globally, the situation in local communities fluctuates daily while knowledge about the disease and transmission evolves. Public health agencies play a critical role in managing disease epidemics. Agencies are on the front lines to conduct disease surveillance, facilitate resource distribution including personal protective equipment (PPE), establish alternative care sites, and provide diagnostic support through laboratory testing. The public health response to COVID-19 has been criticized for being too slow, lacking transparency, and insufficient. This essay examines reasons behind the sluggish response to COVID-19. The authors then argue for an evolved public health system following the crisis, which is better prepared for emergencies and equipped to support population health for the future.en-USIUPUI Open Access PolicyCOVID-19Public HealthPublic Health AgenciesPublic Health SystemUnited StatesArticle