Pajulas, AbigailZhang, JiluKaplan, Mark H.2024-09-162024-09-162023Pajulas A, Zhang J, Kaplan MH. The World according to IL-9. J Immunol. 2023;211(1):7-14. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2300094https://hdl.handle.net/1805/43309Among the cytokines regulating immune cells, IL-9 has gained considerable attention for its ability to act on multiple cell types as a regulator of beneficial and pathologic immune responses. Yet, it is still not clearly defined how IL-9 impacts immune responses. IL-9 demonstrates a remarkable degree of tissue-specific functionality and has cellular sources that vary by tissue site and the context of the inflammatory milieu. Here, we provide perspective to summarize the biological activities of IL-9 and highlight cell type-specific roles in the immune pathogenesis of diseases. This perspective will be important in defining the diseases where targeting IL-9 as a therapeutic strategy would be beneficial and where it has the potential to complicate clinical outcomes.en-USPublisher PolicyCytokinesInterleukin-9Immune cellsArticle