Lee, AudreyScott, Madeleine K.D.Wimmers, FlorianArunachalam, Prabhu S.Luo, WeiFox, Christopher B.Tomai, MarkKhatri, PurveshPulendran, Bali2023-05-092023-05-092022-01-27Lee A, Scott MKD, Wimmers F, et al. A molecular atlas of innate immunity to adjuvanted and live attenuated vaccines, in mice. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):549. Published 2022 Jan 27. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28197-9https://hdl.handle.net/1805/32859Adjuvants hold great potential in enhancing vaccine efficacy, making the understanding and improving of adjuvants critical goals in vaccinology. The TLR7/8 agonist, 3M-052, induces long-lived humoral immunity in non-human primates and is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials. However, the innate mechanisms of 3M-052 have not been fully characterized. Here, we perform flow cytometry, single cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq to profile the kinetics, transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate immune cells in murine draining lymph nodes following 3M-052-Alum/Ovalbumin immunization. We find that 3M-052-Alum/OVA induces a robust antiviral and interferon gene program, similar to the yellow fever vaccine, which is known to confer long-lasting protection. Activation of myeloid cells in dLNs persists through day 28 and single cell analysis reveals putative TF-gene regulatory programs in distinct myeloid cells and heterogeneity of monocytes. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate populations in the dLNs after vaccination.en-USAttribution 4.0 InternationalImmunologyAdjuvantsVaccinesAdaptive immunityArticle