Hanlon, Sean M.Sim, DonSchneider, Jack G.Yang, ZiyiThompson, Sean M.2024-01-022024-01-022023Hanlon SM, Sim D, Schneider JG, Yang Z, Thompson SM. The Association Between COVID-19 and Febrile Seizure: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2023;39(5):360-363. doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000002935https://hdl.handle.net/1805/37531Background/objective: Throughout the pandemic, febrile seizures have resulted from infection secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this study is to determine if there is an increased association between COVID-19 and febrile seizures as compared with other causes of febrile seizures. Methods: This was a retrospective case control study. Data were collected from the National Institute of Health (NIH) supported National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C). Patients from 6 to 60 months who were tested for COVID-19 were included; cases were defined as COVID-19-positive patients whereas controls were defined as COVID-19-negative patients. Febrile seizures diagnosed within 48 hours of the COVID-19 test were considered to be associated with the test result. Patients were subjected to a stratified gender and date matching design followed by a logistic regression controlling for age and race. Results: During the study period, 27,692 patients were included. Of those, 6923 patients were COVID-19-positive, among which 189 had febrile seizures (2.7%). After logistic regression, the likelihood of having febrile seizures concurrently with COVID-19 as compared with other causes was 0.96 ( P = 0.949; confidence interval, 0.81, 1.14). Conclusions: There were 2.7% of the patients with COVID-19 that were diagnosed with a febrile seizure. However, when subjected to a matched case control design with logistic regression controlling for confounding variables, there does not appear to be an increased risk of febrile seizures secondary to COVID-19 as compared with other causes.en-USPublisher PolicyCOVID-19Febrile seizureCoronavirusArticle