Curtis, Edward E., IV2023-09-272023-09-272014Curtis, E. E., IV. (2014). African American Muslim Congregations, 1913–2013. In A. B. McCloud (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of African American Islam. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199929269.013.001https://hdl.handle.net/1805/35843For nearly a century, African American Muslims have gathered for religious purposes in local voluntary religious associations that, like other American religious congregations, are a basic building block of U.S. society. Charting their long history, this article surveys the growth of Sunni, Ahmadi, Moorish, and other congregations from World War I until the present. The article argues that black-majority, black-dominant Muslim American congregations are affected by and respond to the same racial divide that shapes American religion as a whole.en-USCongregationsAfrican AmericansUnited StatesRacializationIslamBook chapter