Paonessa, Jessica E.Gnessin, EhudBhojani, BhojaniWilliams, James C.Lingeman, James E.2018-08-092018-08-092016-09Paonessa, J. E., Gnessin, E., Bhojani, N., Williams, J. C., & Lingeman, J. E. (2016). Preoperative Bladder Urine Culture as a Predictor of Intraoperative Stone Culture Results: Clinical Implications and Relationship to Stone Composition. The Journal of Urology, 196(3), 769–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.03.1480022-5347https://hdl.handle.net/1805/17052Purpose We examine the relationship between urine and stone cultures in a large cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous stone removal and compare the findings in infectious vs metabolic calculi. Materials and Methods A total of 776 patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy who had preoperative urine cultures and intraoperative stone cultures were included in the study. Statistical analysis used chi-square or logistic fit analysis as appropriate. Results Preoperative urine culture was positive in 352 patients (45.4%) and stone cultures were positive in 300 patients (38.7%). There were 75 patients (9.7%) with negative preoperative cultures who had positive stone cultures, and in patients with both cultures positive the organisms differed in 103 (13.3%). Gram-positive organisms predominated in preoperative urine and stone cultures. Conclusions Preoperative urine cultures in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy are unreliable as there is a discordance with intraoperative stone cultures in almost a quarter of cases. There has been a notable shift toward gram-positive organisms in this cohort of patients.en-USPublisher Policykidney calculinephrolithiasisnephrostomypercutaneousurinary tract infectionsArticle