Thompson, Caroline A.Sheridan, PaigeMetwally, EmanPeacock Hinton, SharonMullins, Megan A.Dillon, Ellis C.Thompson, MatthewPettit, NicholasKurian, Allison W.Pruitt, Sandi L.Lyratzopoulos, Georgios2024-09-032024-09-032024Thompson CA, Sheridan P, Metwally E, et al. Emergency department involvement in the diagnosis of cancer among older adults: a SEER-Medicare study. JNCI Cancer Spectr. 2024;8(3):pkae039. doi:10.1093/jncics/pkae039https://hdl.handle.net/1805/43058Background: Internationally, 20% to 50% of cancer is diagnosed through emergency presentation, which is associated with lower survival, poor patient experience, and socioeconomic disparities, but population-based evidence about emergency diagnosis in the United States is limited. We estimated emergency department (ED) involvement in the diagnosis of cancer in a nationally representative population of older US adults, and its association with sociodemographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics. Methods: We analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program-Medicare data for Medicare beneficiaries (≥66 years old) with a diagnosis of female breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers (2008-2017), defining their earliest cancer-related claim as their index date, and patients who visited the ED 0 to 30 days before their index date to have "ED involvement" in their diagnosis, with stratification as 0 to 7 or 8 to 30 days. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations of patient age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, comorbidity score, tumor stage, year of diagnosis, rurality, and census-tract poverty with ED involvement using modified Poisson regression. Results: Among 614 748 patients, 23% had ED involvement, with 18% visiting the ED in the 0 to 7 days before their index date. This rate varied greatly by tumor site, with breast cancer at 8%, colorectal cancer at 39%, lung cancer at 40%, and prostate cancer at 7%. In adjusted models, older age, female sex, non-Hispanic Black and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander race, being unmarried, recent year of diagnosis, later-stage disease, comorbidities, and poverty were associated with ED involvement. Conclusions: The ED may be involved in the initial identification of cancer for 1 in 5 patients. Earlier, system-level identification of cancer in non-ED settings should be prioritized, especially among underserved populations.en-USAttribution 4.0 InternationalBreast neoplasmsLung neoplasmsComorbidityProstatic neoplasmsArticle